The Spirit's Way

Ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὸ προκείμενον ἐπανίωμεν. Ὅτι διάνοια ἡ δυνηθεῖσα τῶν τε ὑλικῶν καθαρεῦσαι παθῶν, καὶ τὴν νοητὴν κτίσιν πᾶσαν καταλιπεῖν, καὶ οἷόν τις ἰχθὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ βυθοῦ πρὸς τὴν ἄνω ἐπιφάνειαν ἀνανήξασθαι, ἐν τῷ καθαρῷ τῆς κτίσεως γενομένη, ἐκεῖ ὄψεται τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, ὅπου Υἱὸς, καὶ ὅπου Πατὴρ, πάντα ἔχον καὶ αὐτὸ συνουσιωμένως κατὰ τὴν φύσιν, τὴν ἀγαθότητα, τὴν εὐ θύτητα, τὸν ἁγιασμὸν, τὴν ζωήν. Τὸ Πνεῦμα γάρ σου, φησὶν, τὸ ἀγαθόν· καὶ πάλιν, Πνεῦμα εὐθές· καὶ πάλιν, Τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. Καὶ ὁ Ἀπόστολος· Ὁ νόμος τοῦ Πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς. Τού των οὐδὲν ἐπίκτητον αὐτῷ, οὐδὲ ὕστερον ἐπιγενόμενον πρόσεστιν· ἀλλ' ὥσπερ ἀχώριστον τῷ πυρὶ τὸ θερμαίνειν, καὶ τῷ φωτὶ τὸ λάμπειν· οὕτω καὶ τῷ Πνεύματι τὸ ἁγιάζειν, τὸ ζωοποιεῖν, ἡ ἀγαθότης, ἡ εὐθύτης. Ἐκεῖ τοίνυν ἕστηκε τὸ Πνεῦμα, ἐκεῖ, ἐν τῇ μακαρίᾳ φύσει, οὐ μετὰ πλήθους ἀριθμούμενον, ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ Τριάδι θεωρούμενον· μοναδικῶς ἐξαγγελλόμενον, οὐκ ἐμπεριειλημμένον τοῖς συστήμασιν. Ὡς γὰρ Πατὴρ εἷς, καὶ Υἱὸς εἷς· οὕτως ἓν καὶ τὸ ἅγιον Πνεῦμα. Τὰ δὲ λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα καθ' ἕκαστον τάγμα πλῆθος ἡμῖν ὑποφαίνει δυσεξαρίθμητον. Μὴ τοίνυν ζήτει ἐν τῇ κτίσει τὸ ὑπὲρ τὴν κτίσιν· μὴ καταγάγῃς τὸ ἁγιάζον μετὰ τῶν ἁγιαζομένων. Τοῦτο πληροῖ ἀγγέλους, πληροῖ ἀρχαγγέλους, ἁγιάζει δυνάμεις, ζωοποιεῖ τὰ σύμπαντα. Τοῦτο εἰς πᾶσαν κτίσινμεριζόμενον, καὶ ἄλλως ὑπ' ἄλλου μετεχόμενον, οὐδὲν ἐλαττοῦται παρὰ τῶν μετεχόντων. Πᾶσι μὲν τὴν παρ' ἑαυτοῦ χάριν δίδωσιν· οὐκ ἀναλίσκεται δὲ εἰς τοὺς μετέχοντας· ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ λαβόντες πληροῦνται, καὶ αὐτό ἐστιν ἀνενδεές. Καὶ ὥσπερ ὁ ἥλιος ἐπιλάμπων τοῖς σώμασι, καὶ ποικίλως ὑπ' αὐτῶν μετεχόμενος, οὐδὲν ἐλαττοῦται παρὰ τῶν μετεχόντων· οὕτω καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα πᾶσι τὴν παρ' ἑαυτοῦ χάρινπαρέχον, ἀμείωτον μένει καὶ ἀδιαίρετον. Πάντας φωτίζει πρὸς τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ κατανόησιν, ἐμπνεῖ τοῖς προφήταις, νομοθέτας σοφίζει, ἱερέας τελειοῖ, ἐνισχύει βασιλεῖς, καταρτίζει δικαίους, σεμνύνει σώφρονας, ἐνεργεῖ χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων, ζωοποιεῖ τοὺς νεκροὺς, λύει τοὺς πεπεδημένους, υἱοθετεῖ τοὺς ἠλλοτριωμένους.Ταῦτα διὰ τῆς ἄνωθεν γεννήσεως ἐνεργεῖ. Ἐὰν τελώνην λάβῃ πιστεύοντα, εὐαγγελιστὴν ἀποδείκνυσιν· ἐὰν ἐν ἁλιεῖ γένηται, θεολόγον ἀποτελεῖ· ἐὰν διώκτην εὕρῃ μετανοοῦντα, ἀπόστολον ἐθνῶν ἀπεργάζεται, κήρυκα πίστεως, σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς. ∆ι' αὐτοῦ οἱ ἀσθενεῖς ἰσχυροί· οἱ πτωχοὶ πλουτίζουσιν· οἱ ἰδιῶται τῷ λόγῳσοφώτεροί εἰσι τῶν σοφῶν. Παῦλος ἀσθενὴς, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ Πνεύματος τὰ σουδάρια τοῦ χρωτὸς αὐτοῦ ἴασιν παρεῖχε τοῖς ὑποδεχομένοις. Πέτρος καὶ αὐτὸς σῶμα περικείμενος ἀσθενείας, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὴν ἐνοικοῦσαν χάριν τοῦ Πνεύματος ἡ ἐκπίπτουσα τοῦ σώματος σκιὰ ἀπεδίωκε τὰς νόσους τῶν καταπονουμένων. Πτωχὸς Πέτρος καὶ Ἰωάννης· οὐ γὰρ εἶχον ἀργύριον, οὐδὲ χρυσίον· ἀλλ' ἐχαρίζοντο ὑγίειαν πολλῶν χρυσίων τιμιωτέραν. Παρὰ πολλῶν γὰρ λαβὼν χρυσίον ὁ χωλὸς, ἔτι προσαίτης ἦν· παρὰ δὲ Πέτρου δεξάμενος τὴν χάριν, ἐπαύσατο προσαιτῶν, ἁλλόμενος ὥσπερ ἔλαφος, καὶ αἰνῶν τὸν Θεόν. Οὐκ ᾔδει Ἰωάννης τὴν τοῦ κόσμου σοφίαν, ἀλλ' ἐφθέγξατο ῥήματα τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ Πνεύματος, οἷς οὐδεμία σοφία προσβλέψαι δύναται.Τοῦτο καὶ ἐν οὐρανῷ ἕστηκε, καὶ τὴν γῆν πεπλήρωκε, καὶ πανταχοῦ πάρεστι, καὶ οὐδαμοῦ περιέχεται. Ὅλον ἑκάστῳ ἐνοικεῖ, καὶ ὅλον ἐστὶ μετὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Οὐ λειτουργικῶς διακονεῖ τὰς δωρεὰς, ἀλλ' αὐθεντικῶς διαιρεῖ τὰ χαρίσματα. ∆ιαιρεῖ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστῳ, καθὼς βούλεται. Ἀποστέλλεται μὲν οἰκονομικῶς, ἐνεργεῖ δὲ αὐτεξουσίως. Τοῦτο παρεῖναι ταῖς ψυχαῖς ἡμῶν εὐξώμεθα, καὶ μηδένα καιρὸν ἡμᾶς ἀπολιμπάνειν ἐν χάριτι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. Ἅγιος Βασίλειος ὁ Μέγας,Ὁμολία ΙΕ', Περὶ Πίστεως Source: Migne PG 31.468c-472a

But let us return to what was proposed. The mind which has been able to purify itself of the passions of material things and has withdrawn thought from every created thing, and has swum like a fish from the depths to the apparent heights, now established in the purity of creation, there shall see the Holy Spirit, where the Son is, and where the Father is, being coessential according to His nature, in goodness, rectitude, holiness, and life. 'For your spirit,' he says, 'is good,' and again, 'a right Spirit,' and again, a 'Holy Spirit' 1 And the Apostle says 'The Law of the Spirit of life.' 2 None of which things are added to Him, nor is anything endowed after, but as heat cannot be separated from fire, nor brightness from light, so neither can sanctification or vivification or goodness or rightness from the Spirit. Here, then, is the Spirit established, here in a blessed nature, where there is no multitude by number, but in the Trinity He is beheld, being enunciated alone, but not understood as a separated part of a group. Thus as the Father is one and the Son is one, so the Holy Spirit is one. And yet each one of the multitude of spiritual services He shows to us can scarely be counted. Do not, then, seek in created things what is above created things, nor suppress what has been sanctified to holiness. 3 He fills angels, and archangels, and makes powers holy, and gives life to all things. He is in every created thing, but His participation is such that he is not diminished at all by his participants. Certainly His grace is bestowed on all, but He is not used up by those who participate, and they who receive are filled and He lacks nothing. As when the sun illuminates bodies and by these he is received variously, so He is not diminished by those who receive Him. Thus it is with the grace of the Holy Spirit given to everything, He remains whole and undivided. He enlightens all for the gaining of the knowledge of God, He inspires the prophet, and teaches law makers wisdom, and consecrates priests, and strengthens kings, and perfects the righteous, and gives honour to the wise, and works gifts of healing, and raises the dead, and breaks chains, and adopts strangers as sons.This He works through a birthing from above. 4 If he receives a believing tax collector, He makes Him an Evangelist, if He comes upon a fisherman, He makes him a theogloian, if He drives a persecutor to penance, He makes him an Apostle of the nations, a preacher of the faith, a vase of election. 5 Through Him the weak become strong, the poor are enriched, and fools and poor speakers shine forth with the wisdom of the wise. Paul was weak and yet by the presence of the Holy Spirit they took rags damp with the sweat of his body for healing. Peter was clothed with an infirm body, by by the indwelling of the grace of the Holy Spirit, the sickness of those whom illness had laid low fled from the shadow of his body. Peter and John were poor men, for they had neither silver nor gold, but they were able to give the health that is more precious than many coins of gold. For He who had been lame for many years, who despite the receipt of much gold was yet a beggar, on receiving Peter's blessing, stopped begging and leapt up like a stag, and praised God. 6 John did not know the wisdom of the world, but by the power of the Holy Spirit he brought forth words which no wisdom can look upon. The Holy Spirit set in heaven fills the earth, and He is everywhere, but nothing contains him. He dwells wholly in each one and He is wholly with God. He does not give gifts in the manner of a servant, but by his own authority He allocates them. He apportions, it is said, to each one as He wills. 7 He is sent forth according to the way of the dispensation, but He acts on His own power. Let us pray to Him that He be in our souls, that He not forsake us at any time, through the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom glory and rule to forver and ever. Amen. Saint Basil of Caesarea, from Homily 15, On Faith 1 Ps 142.10, Ps 50.12, 13 2 Rom 8.2 3 1 Thes 5.19 4 Jn 3.3 5 Mt 9.9, Mt 4.21-22, Acts 9.15 6 Acts 19.12, Acts 5.15, Acts 3.1-11 7 1 Cor 12.11