Building Up

Καὶ ἁνοικοδομήσω αὑτούς. Ὃ Χριστὸς οἶκοδόμος καὶ ἀρχιτέχτων περὶ οὗ ἐν προφῇταις λέλεχται· Οὗτος οἰκοδυμήσει τὴν πόλιν μου, καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν τοῦ λαοῦ μου ἐπιστρέψει. Φησὶν οὖν ὁ Κύριος· Καὶ οἰκοδομήσω αὐτοὺς, καὶ oὑ μὴ καθελῶ· ἀγαθὸς γὰρ ὧν ὁ Θεὸς οἰχοδομέματά τινα καθαιρεῖ’ δεῖ γὰρ τὴν ἐν ἡμῖν οἰχοδομὴν τῶν ἀχαθάρτων πνευμάτων καταλυθῆναι, καὶ οὕτω τὸν ναὸν οἰχοδομτθῆναι Θεῷ ἐξ ἀρετῶν τε καὶ δογμάτων ὀρθῶν, ἵνα ὀφθῇ ἡ δόξα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ. Ἔστι ἐξ καὶ γεωργὸς καταφυτεύων, καὶ ἐγκεντρίξων, οὖς ἄξιον. Φησὶ γὰρ ὁ Σωτὴρ, ὡς ῥίξα τοὺς κλάδους πάντας ἀνέχων: Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπειϊιος ἡ ἀμηθινὴ, ὑμεῖς τὰ κιήματα ὁ δὲ Πωτήρ μου ὃ γεωργός ἐστι. Πᾶν κῆμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μένον, καὶ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ὁ Πατὴρ μου καθαίρει, ἵνα πλείονα καρπὸν φέρῃ· πᾱν δὲ κλῆμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μένον, μὴ φέρον δὲ καρπὸν, ὁ Πατήρ μου ἐκκόπτει, καὶ εἰς πῦρ αὑτὸ βάλλει. Οὐχ ἐν ἐθνικοῖς, ἀλλ᾽ ἂν τοῖς πιστοῖς ἔστι τὸ, Ἐν αὐτῷ μένον καὶ μὴ φέρον καρπὸν, οἷός ἔστιν ὁ έγων εἶναι πιστὸς χαὶ πλημμελῶν ἐπὶ ἀδείας ἔστις εἰκότως ἐκκόπτεται·καὶ καθαίρει δὲ τὸν καρπὸν φέρον, ἵνα, κἂν τι παρορᾷ ὡς ἄνθρωπος, διορθώσειεν. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαι Εἰς Ἱερεμαιν Source: Migne PG 13.576c-577a

I shall build them up again. 1 Christ is the builder and the architect, concerning which it is said in the prophets: 'He shall raise up my city and return the people to me.' 2 And thus the Lord says, 'I shall build up and I shall not destroy.' 3 For it is good that God destroys what is built up when it is necessary to overthrow the buildings of unclean spirits in us, so that the temple of God may be raised up from the virtues and righteous teaching, in order that His glory may appear in it. And He is the farmer who plants and grafts on those who are worthy, because the Saviour, who is the root of all the branches, says: 'I am the true vine, and you are the branches. My father is the farmer. All the branches that remain with me and yield good fruit my Father shall purge, and every branch remaining with me that does not bear fruit my Father shall cut off and give to the fire.' 4 This is not said of the Gentiles but about the faithful, about the one who says he is faithful and yet wanders off where he will. He is deservedly cut off. And the branch bearing fruit is purged so that if a man is neglectful in something, he may correct himself. Origen, Commentary On Jeremiah, Fragment 1 Jerem 14.6 2 Isaiah 45.13 3 Jerem 24.6 4 Jn 15.1-6

Eating Honey

Φάγε μέλι υἱέ ἀγαθὸν γὰρ κηρίον ἵνα γλυκανθῇ σου ὁ φάρυγξ. Oὕτως αἰσθήσῃ σοφίαν τῇ σῇ ψυχῇ ἐὰν γὰρ εὕρῃς ἔσται καλὴ ἡ τελευτή σου καὶ ἐλπίς σε οὐκ ἐγκαταλείψει. Ἐσθίει μέλι ὁ ἀπὸ τῶν θείων Γραφῶν ὠφελούμενος· ὁ δὲ ἀπ' αὐτῶν ἐκβάλλων τῶν πραγμάτων τοὺς λόγους, ἀφʼ ὧν εἰλήφασιν ἅγιοι προφῆται καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι, ἐν τῷ ποιεῖν τε καὶ διδάσκειν, τρώγει κηρίον· καὶ τὸ μὲν μέλι φαγεῖν, τοῦ βουλομένου παντός· τὸ δὲ κηρίον, μόνου τοῦ καθαροῦ· ἢ καὶ μέλι ῥητέον τὴν ἀλληγορίαν· κηρίον δὲ, τὴν ῥητὴν ἐπίσκεψιν καὶ ἱστορίαν, πρὸς τὸ ἔχειν τὸν ἀποκεκρυμμένον νοῦν καὶ βαθύτερον, ἔνεστι γὰρ τῷ κηρίῳ μέλι· φάρυγγα δὲ τὴν θρεπτικὴν τῆς ψυχῆς δύναμιν, δι' ἧς αἱ τροφαὶ παραπέμπονται εἰς τὴν κοιλίαν· ἐὰν οὖν ταῦτα κατορθώσῃς, τά τε κατὰ διάνοιαν, καὶ τὰ καθ' ἱστορίαν, ἔσονταί σοι αἰσθήσει τῆς σοφίας αὐτὰ τὰ σοφὰ δόγματα· ἐὰν γὰρ εὕρῃς τὸν πνευματικὸν τῆς Γραφῆς νοῦν, ἔσται καλὴ ἡ τελευτή σου, ὡς λεχθῆναι· Τίμιος ἐναντίον Κυρίου ὁ θάνατος τῶν ὁσίων αὐτοῦ· οὐκ ἀποβαλεῖς δὲ τὴν εἰς τὸ μέλλον ἐλπίδα. Μὴ προτιμήσῃς τὸν διάβολον τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δικαιοσύνης, ἢν οἱ δίκαιοι νομεύονται· μηδὲ ἀπατηθῇς μωρολογίαις θανατηφόροις χορτάσαι σου τὴν καρδίαν σου, ὅ ἐστι κοιλία. Μὴ ἕνεκεν ἡδονῆς προδῷς τὸν Θεόν· οὗτος γὰρ νομὴ δικαίου, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐγκαταλείψῃ σε. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαὶ Εἰς Παροιμίας, Κεφαλή KΔ´ Source: Migne PG 17.228a-c

Eat honey, O son, for it is good and the comb is most sweet in your throat. So is wise teaching to your soul, which when you find it, you shall have hope at the end, and your hope shall not perish. 1 He eats honey who is improved by the Divine Scriptures. And he who draws out from the account of things, derived from the holy prophets and the Apostles, he eats the comb in teaching and doing. To eat honey is more pleasing, but the comb is only for the pure. The honey is spoken of allegorically. So the comb is what we name speculation and investigation, which grasps the more hidden and deeper sense, and in the comb is the honey. The throat is the digestive faculty of the soul by which power food is sent to the stomach. If, then, you are rightly established in these things, things of understanding and investigation, you shall you grasp the wisdom of wise teaching. For if you find the spiritual understanding of Scripture, even your death will be a beautiful thing, as it says: 'Precious in the sight of God is the death of his holy ones.' 2 You shall not have lost hope for the future. Do not prefer the devil to the righteousness of God which feeds the righteous. Nor be deceived, that you fill your heart, which is like a stomach, with foolish and fatal teachings. Do not on account of pleasure be a traitor to God. He feeds the righteous and He shall not abandon you. Origen, On Proverbs, Chapter 24 1 Prov 24.13-14 2 Ps 115.15

Beauty And Proximity

Rursus sponsi ad eam sermo dirigitur, et dicit: Ecce speciosa proxima mea, ecce speciosa... Illa sic dicit ad sponsum: Ecce speciosus fratuelis meus; non adjungit, et proximus meus. Hic autem quando loquitur ad eam: Ecce speciosa, adjungit et, proxima mea. Quare autem illa non dicit: Ecce speciosus proximus meus mihi, sed tantum, ecce speciosus? Quare ille non solum, speciosa es, dicit, sed, speciosa es proxima mea? Sponsa si longe fuerit a sponso, non est speciosa; tunc pulchra fit, quando Dei verbo conjungitur. Et merito nunc docetur a sponso, ut proxima sit, et a suo latere non recedat. Ecce speciosa proxima mea, ecce speciosa. Incipis quidem esse speciosa ex eo quod proxima mihi es: postquam autem coeperi esse speciosa, etiam sin additamento proximae, absolute es speciosa. Ecce speciosa proxima mea, ecce speciosa.  Origenes, In Canticum Canticorum Homilia II, Interprete Divo Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.50b-c

Again the speech of the bridegroom is directed to her, 'Behold my beautiful one, my near one, behold my beautiful one...' 1 Then she says to the bridegroom, 'Behold my fair brother,' but she does not add, 'my near one.' But when he says to her, 'Behold my beautiful one,' he does add, 'my near one.' Why does she not say 'Behold my beautiful one, my near one,' but only, 'Behold my beautiful one?' Why does he not say just say 'My beautiful one,' but also, 'my near one?' If the bride is far from the bridegroom, she is not beautiful. She becomes beautiful when she is joined to the Word of God. And rightly it is now taught by the bridegroom, so that she might be near and not withdraw from his side. 'Behold my beautiful one, my near one, my beautiful one.' You begin to be beautiful because you are near me, and after you have begun to be beautiful, your nearness increases it to a flawless beauty. 'Behold my beautiful one, my near one, behold my beautiful one.' Origen, Commentary On The Song of Songs, from Homily 2, translated by Saint Jerome 1 Song 1.14

Apostles And Tradition

Traditionem itaque Apostolorum in toto mundo manifestatam, in omni Ecclesia adest perspicere omnibus qui vera velint videre, et habemus annumerare eos qui ab Apostolis instituti sunt Episcopi in ecclesiis, et successiones eorum usque ad nos, qui nihil tale docuerunt, neque cognoverunt, quale ab his deliratur. Etenim si recondita mysteria scissent Apostoli, quae seorsim et latenter ab reliquis perfectos docebant, his vel maxime traderent ea quibus etiam ipsas ecclesias committebant. Valde enim perfectos et irreprehensibiles in omnibus eos volebant esse, quos et successores relinquebant, suum ipsorum locum magisterii tradentes: quibus emendate agentibus fieret magna utilitas, lapsis autem summa calamitas. Sed quoniam valde longum est, in hoc tali volumine omnium ecclesiarum enumerare successiones, maximae, et antiquissimae, et omnibus cognitae, a gloriosissimis duobus apostolis Petro et Paulo Romae fundatae et constitutae ecclesiae, eam quam habet ab Apostolis traditionem, et annuntiatam hominibus fidem, per successiones Episcoporum pervenientem usque ad nos indicantes, confundimus omnes eos, qui quoquo modo, vel per sibiplacentiam malam, vel vanam gloriam, vel per caecitatem et malam sententiam, praeterquam oportet colligunt. Ad hanc enim ecclesiam propter potentiorem principalitatem necesse est omnem convenire Ecclesiam, hoc est, eos qui sunt undique fideles, in qua semper ab his, qui sunt undique, conservata est ea quae est ab Apostolis traditio. Sanctus Irenaeus Lugdunensis, Adversus Haereses, Liber III, Caput III Source: Migne PG 7.848a-849a

The tradition of the Apostles manifested throughout the whole world is within the power of everyone in every Church to contemplate clearly who may wish to see the truth, and we are in a position to reckon up those who were instituted bishops in the Churches by the Apostle and the succession of these men to our own times, who neither taught nor did they know anything of what these men rave about. If the Apostles had known hidden mysteries which they taught to the perfect apart from the rest, they would have certainly delivered these things to those whom they were committing the Churches. For they wished these men should be perfect and blameless in everything, these whom they were leaving behind as successors, and to whom they were handing over their own place of headship, which if such men acted well it would be a great boon, but if they fell the greatest calamity. But because it would be a very lengthy exercise in such a volume as this to enumerate the successions of all the Churches, we point at the very great and very ancient and universally known Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious Apostles, Peter and Paul, which has its tradition from the Apostles, and the faith preached to men which comes down to us by the successions of the Apostles, to confute all those, who in whatever way, by evil self pleasing, or vainglory, or blind and wicked opinion, gather together. For with this Church, because of its preeminent authority, it is necessary that every church should agree, that is, with those who are faithful in every way, by which in these who are faithful in every way has been preserved the tradition that is from the Apostles. Saint Irenaeus of Lyons, Against Heresies, Book 3, Chapter 3

The Ruin Of The Unworthy

Οὕτως εἶπεν Kύριος ἐπὶ Αχιαδ καὶ ἐπὶ Σεδεκιαν ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ δίδωμι αὐτοὺς εἰς χεῖρας βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος καὶ πατάξει αὐτοὺς καi ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν. Τοιαῦτα πείσεται πᾶς πράσσων πρεσδύτεέρος ὑπὸ βασιλέως Βαδυλῶνος. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ ἀναξίως τις μεταλαμθάνων Εὐχαριστίαν εἰς χρῖμα λήψεται, πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὁ χαθεζόμενος ἐν πρεσδυτερίῳ συνειδότι μεμιασμένῳ, kαὶ τὸ Χριστοῦ μολύνων συνέδριον; Τίς γὰρ αὐτῷ συγχαθήμενος εὐλαδὴς λέγειν τολμήσει τὸ, Οὐχ ἐκάθισα μετὰ συνεδρίου ματαιότητος, καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τούτοις. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαι Εἰς Ἱερεμαιν Source: Migne PG 13.580a

Thus the Lord says to Achab and Sedecias, who have prophesied falsely in my name, I shall give you into the hands of the king of Babylon, and he shall punish them before your eyes. 1 All who do such things will suffer by the king of Babylon, For if someone who is unworthy takes up the Eucharist and thereby takes up his condemnation, 2 how much more shall he who sits in the counsel of elders with a wicked conscience defiles the gathering of Christ? For if there is someone who is pious sitting with him, shall he dare say, 'I have not sat in the counsel of vanity,' and what follows? 3 Origen, Commentary On Jeremiah, Fragment 1 Jerem 29.21 2 1 Cor 11.29 3 Ps 25.4

The Corrupted Mountain

Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ πρὸς σὲ τὸ ὄρος τὸ διεφθαρμένον τὸ διαφθεῖρον πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν καὶ ἐκτενῶ τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπὶ σὲ καὶ κατακυλιῶ σε ἀπὸ τῶν πετρῶν καὶ δώσω σε ὡς ὄρος ἐμπεπυρισμένον. Ὅρος τὴν Βαθυλῶνα διὰ τὸ τῆς βασιλείας ὕψος kαλεῖ' ὅπερ ἦν ἐξ εἰδωλολατρείας καὶ τῶν ἀδίχων ἔργων, δι᾿ ὧν διέφθειρε τοὺς ἄλλους διεφθαρμένον. Ἦν δὲ καὶ ἐφ᾽ ὕψους ἡ πόλις διὰ τὸν παραχεΐμενον ποταμὸν, ἐξ οὗ τινες ἀναδαθμοὶ πρὸς τὴν πόλιν ἀνέφερον, διμερῆ, τε οὖσαν καὶ ἐξ ἑχατέρας ὄχθης παραχειμένην τῷ ποταμῷ, πρὸς τῷ καὶ εἶναι τὰ τείχη τῆς πόλεως ὑψηλότατα. Χεῖρα δὲ τὴν τιμωρητιχὴν δύναμιν τὴν τῆς ἰδίας αὐτὴν ὡς ἐχ πετρῶν χαθαεροῦσαν ἀσφαλείας τε χαὶ φρουρᾶς εἰς ἄχρηστον δὲ χαὶ τοὺς λίθους αὐτῆς διὰ τὸ πῦρ ἀφανίζουσαν, ὡς μὴ συνίστασθαι λίθον πρὸς στεῤῥοϊέραν οἰχοδομίαν. ᾿Αναγωγῆς δὲ λόγῳ καὶ ὁ διάδολος ὄρος ὠνόμασται, ὡς ἐν τῷ Ζαχαρίᾳ' Τίς εἶ σὺ τὸ ὄρος τὸ μέγα, τὸ πρὸ προσὠπου Ζοροδάδε; Καὶ περὶ τοῦ ἔχοντος χωφὸν καὶ ἄλαλον δαιμόνιον ἔλεγεν ὁ Σωτήρ' Ἑὰν ἔχητε κίστιν ὡς χόχχον σιγάπεως, ἐρεῖτε τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ' Μετάδηθι, καὶ μεταδήσεται. Ὅρος οὖν ὁ διάδολος ἀπὸ τῆς ἰδίας διεφθαρμένον kαkίας, καὶ διαφθεῖρον τοὺς, ὅσοι φρονοῦσι τὰ γήϊνα. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαι Εἰς Ἱερεμαιν Source: Migne PG 13.603b-c

Behold I am against you, corrupted mountain that corrupts the whole earth, with my hand stretched out against you I shall tear you from your stones, and I shall make of you a burnt heap. 1 Babylon is called a mountain because of the eminence of its kingdom, which being corrupted with its idolatry and wicked works corrupted others. And the city itself was set on a high place because of the proximity of the river, from which steps rose up to the city, on two sides, even from both banks of the river. And besides this the city walls were very high. But the hand is the punishing power that tears it from its own security and fortifications, as from a stone foundation, and its stones will be of no more use because of the coming fire, and there shall not be one of them able to make firm its construction. And by reason of anagoge the devil is also called a mountain, as in Zachariah, 'Who are you, great mountain, who are before the face of Zorobabel?' 2 And concerning him who had a deaf and dumb demon, the Saviour said, 'If you had faith like a mustard seed, you would say to this mountain, Go, and it would go.' 3 Thus the mountain is the devil corrupted by his own depravity, and he corrupts those who know the things of the earth. Origen, Commentary On Jeremiah, Fragment 1 Jerem 51.25 2 Zach 4.7 3 Mt 17.19

The City And The Height

Oὕτως εἶπεν Kύριος ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστρέψω τὴν ἀποικίαν Ιακωβ καὶ αἰχμαλωσίαν αὐτοῦ ἐλεήσω, Καὶ οἰκοδομηθήσεται ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τὸ ὕψες αὐτῆς. Εἴποις δ᾽ ἂν, ὅτι Kαὶ τὴν ἰδίαν ἐπιδείχνυσιν ἀγαθότητα, δι᾽ ἣν kαὶ τὴν ἀποτομίαν ἐπάγει τοῖς αὐτῆς ἐν χρείᾳ τυγχάνουσι. Διὸ, μετὰ τὸ εἰς ἀλγεινὸν θεραπευθῆναι, οἰκοδομηθήσεται, φησὶν, ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τὸ ὕψος αὑτῆς. Ποῖον ὕψος ; Οὐ δύναται πόλις ἐπάνω ὄρους κειμένη κρυδῆναι, ὁποία ἐστὶν, ἡ μηδὲν φρονοῦσα ταπεινὸν ἣ ἀνθρώπινον, ἡδονάς, φῆσι χαὶ πλοῦτον ἐν γῇ χαὶ δοξάρια. Συνηγέρθη γὰρ τῷ Χριστῷ, καὶ τὰ ἄνω ζητεῖ. Ταῦτά σου ποιοῦντος, οἰχοδομηθήσεται ἡ πόλις σου ἐπὶ τὸ ὕψος αὐτῆς. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαι Εἰς Ἱερεμαιν Source: Migne PG 13.580b

Thus says the Lord, 'I will bring back the tent of Jacob and I will have pity on the ruins, and the city shall be built on her height.' 1 One may say that here His benevolence is manifested, because of which it was necessary to act severely with those who needed it. Therefore, after a painful cure, He says that 'the city shall be built up on her height.' On what height? It is not possible to hide a city built on a hill, 2 that is, it knows nothing base or human, and I speak here of pleasures and worldly wealth and glory. For rising with Christ it seeks the things which are above. 3 In the doing of such things the city shall be built on her height. Origen, Commentary On Jeremiah, Fragment 1 Jerem 30.18 2 1 Mt 5.14 3 Colos 3.1-2

Many Kingdoms

Qui quaesierit, inquit, animam suam salvare, perdet et qui perdiderit eam, salvabit eam. Martyres quaerunt salvare animam suam: propterea perdunt, ut salvent eam. Qui vero volunt salvare animam suam, ut non perdant eam, hi et corpus corpus et animam perdunt pariter in gehennam. Quamobrem nolite timere eos, ait, qui possunt corpus occidere, sed timete magis eum qui potest animam et corpus perdere in gehennam. Hoc ad propositum, juxta vires ingenii nostri breviter dixerimus. Animalis autem non recipit ea quae sunt spiritus: et idcirco salvari non potest. Seminatur corpus animale, surgit corpus spiritale. Porro qui adhaeret Domino, spiritus unus efficitur. Si ergo qui Domino copulatur, cum animalis esset per id in spiritalem vertitur, et unus est spiritus: nos quoque perdamus animam nostram, ut adhaerentes Domino in unum spiritum transformemur. Sed et de regno Dei interrogatus, respondit Salvator Pharisaeis: Quando venerit, inquit, non venit regnum Dei cum observatione, neque dicunt, ecce hic, aut ecce ibi. Regnum enim Dei intra vos est. Non omnibus Salvator dicit, regnum Dei intra vos est: siquidem in peccatoribus regnum peccati est, et absque ulla ambiguitate, aut regnum peccati, aut regnum Dei in corde nostro imperat. Unde sive quae facimus, sive quae loquimur, sive quae cogitamus, contemplemur attentius, et tunc videbimus utrum Dei imperium regnet in nobis, an imperium delictorum. Quam diversitatem sciens Apostolus, quosdam commonet, dicens: Non regnet peccatum in mortali vestro corpore. Si quis nostrum desiderat regnum Dei, regnatur ab eo. Si quis avaritiae ardore cruciatur, regnatur ab avaritia. Porro qui injustitiam reginam habet, regnatur ab ea. Qui vanae gloriae ambitione sustollitur, regnat ei aura popularis. Qui moeret, qui aliquid reformidat, qui amat, qui desiderat, imperant ei singula, prout perturbationibus variis possidetur. Quae omnia cognoscentes, et quam multa sint genera regnorum, surgamus precemurque Deum, ut auferat a nobis regnum inimici, et possimus sub regno esse Dei omnipotentis, id est sub regno sapientiae, pacis, justitiae, veritatis, quae cuncta in unigenito Dei Filio intelliguntur, cui est gloria et imperium in saecula saeculorum. Amen. Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam, Homilia XXXVI, De eo quod scriptum est: Qui voluerit animam suam salvare, perdet eam, usque ad eum locum ubi ait: Regnum Dei intra vos est, Interprete Sancto Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.1894b-1895b

'He who seeks to save his soul,' He says 'shall lose it, and he who loses it shall save it.' 1 Martyrs seek to save their souls , because of which they perish so that they might save them. However, he who wishes to save his soul so that he might not lose it, he loses both his body and soul in hell. 'Do not fear those, He says, 'who can kill the body, but fear more Him who can destroy the soul and the body in hell. 2 Concerning this, according to the men of our understanding, we shall speak briefly. 'But the animal man cannot receive the things of the spirit,' and thus cannot be saved. 'The animal body is sown, the spiritual body rises up.' 3 But he who adheres to the Lord is made one spirit. Therefore if he who is bound to the Lord by that turns what is animal into what is spiritual, the spirit is one, and we lose our own souls, so that adhering to the Lord we might be transformed into one spirit. Then questioned about the kingdom of God, the Saviour answers the Pharisees: 'When it comes, the kingdom of heaven does not come before the eye, nor will they say, 'Here it is,' or 'There it is,' but the kingdom of God is within you.' 4 He does not say 'the kingdom of God is within you,' to everyone, for certainly the kingdom of sin reigns in those who sin, and without any doubt either the kingdom of sin or the kingdom of God reigns in us. Therefore let us carefully think on what we do and what we say and what we think, and then we shall see whether it is the kingdom of God that reigns in us or the kingdom of the wicked. Which difference the Apostle understood, warning them: 'Do not let sin reign in your bodies.' 5 If one of us desires the kingdom of God, it reigns in us. If someone is troubled by avarice, avarice reigns in him. But he who has the kingdom of unrighteousness, he is ruled by that. He who is puffed up with the vainglory of ambition is ruled by the whims of the people. He who groans or fears something, and he who desires, he is ruled by that, and without doubt possessed by various troubles. Which all knowing, let us rise up and pray to God, that as there are many types of kingdoms, He will take from us the kingdom of the enemy, even so that we are able to come under the reign of almighty God, that is, under the reign of wisdom and peace and righteousness and truth, which are all understood in the only begotten Son of God, to whom be glory and rule forever. Origen, Homilies on Luke, from Homily 36, , On that which is written: 'He who wishes to save his soul shall lose it...' to where it is said, 'the kingdom of God is within you.' Translated by Saint Jerome 1 Lk 17.33 2 Lk 12.4-5 3 1 Cor 2.14, 1 Cor 15.44 4 Lk 17.20-21 5 Rom 6.12

Unbinding The Colt

Mittit Salvator discipulos suos, ut solvant pullum asinae super quem nullus hominum aliquando sederat. Porro quid aliud super asinum sedere potest absque homine? Volo paulisper exemplum sumere, ut quod dicturus sum, possit intelligi. Scriptum est in Isaia: Visio quadrupedum in tribulatione et angustia, et reliqua, usque ad eum locum ubi ait: Non proderunt eis divitiae aspidum. Unusquisque nostrum consideret quantas opes aspidum ante portaverit, quantas divitias bestiarum, et quomodo numquam rationabilis homo sederit super asinum nostrum, non sermo Moysi, non Isaiae, non Jeremiae, nec reliquorum omnium prophetarum: et videbit tunc sedisse super nos sermonem Dei atque rationem, quando venit Dominus Jesus, et praecepit discipulis suis, ut euntes solverent pullum asinae, qui prius vinctus fuerat, ut liber incederet. Solutus itaque pullus asinae adducitur ad Jesum, ad cujus solutionem mittens discipulos dixerat: Si quis vos interrogaverit quare solvitis pullum, dicite ei quia Dominus necessarium illum habet. Multi erant domini hujus pulli antequam Salvator cum haberet necessarium: postquam vero ille coepit esse dominus, plures domini esse cessaverunt. Nemo enim potest Deo servire et mammonae. Quando malitiae servierimus, multis sumus passionibus vitiisque subjecti. Solvitur ergo pullus, quia Dominus necessarium cum habet. Vos estis pullus asinae, quid vestri Filius Dei necessarium habet? quid a vobis expetit? salute vestra opus habet, cupit vos solvi vinculis peccatorum. Deinde mittunt discipuli vestes suas super asinum, et sedere faciunt Salvatorem. Assumunt sermonem Dei, et imponunt cum super animas auditorum. Vestibus exuuntur, substernunt eas in via. Super nos sunt vestimenta apostolorum: opera eorum bona, ornamenta nostra sunt, volunt apostoli indumenta sua calcari a nobis. Et revera solutus a discipulis asinus, et portans Jesum, incidit super vestimenta apostolorum, quando doctrinam eorum imitatur et vitam. Quis nostrum ita beatus est, ut sedeat super illum Jesus? Qui quamdiu in monte fuit, cum suis apostolis morabatur: quando vero coepit vicinus esse descensui, tum occurrit ei turba populorum. Si non venisset ad descensum, non ei poterat occurrere multitudo. Descendit, seditque super pullum asinae, et omnis populus voce consona laudabat Deum. Quod Pharisaei videntes, dicebant Domino: Increpas eos. Quibus ille respondit: Si isti tacuerint, lapides clamabunt. Quando nos loquimur, lapides silent: quando nos tacemus, lapides clamant. Potest enim Dominus de lapidibus istis suscitare filios Abrahae. Quo tempore nos tacebimus? Quando refrixerit charitas multorum, quando illud quod a Salvatore praedicatum est, fuerit impletum: Putas veniens Filius hominis inveniet fidem super terram? Propterea Domini misericordiam deprecemur, ne nobis tacentibus, lapides clamitent; sed loquamur et laudemus Deum in Patre, et Filio, et Spiritu sancto. Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam, Homilia XXXVII, De eo quod a discipulis pullus asinae solutus est, Interprete Sancto Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.1895c-1896d

The Saviour sends His disciples to loose the colt of an ass which was bound and on whom no man had ever sat. 1 How was it that no man had ever sat on it? I wish for a moment to take up an example, so that what I shall say shall be understood. It is written in Isaiah, 'A vision of beasts in distress and anguish...' and the rest, until that place where it says, '...the wealth of asses shall not profit them.' 2 Let each one of us consider how much of the wealth of asses he carried before, how much the wealth of beasts, and how a rational man had never sat on our ass, neither the speech of Moses, nor Isaiah, nor Jeremiah, nor any of the rest of the Prophets, and then let us see that the rational word had come to sit upon us when Jesus Christ came and instructed His disciples to go and untie the colt of an ass, which had been bound, so that it might walk freely. Thus the unbinding of the colt of the ass leads to Jesus, to which unbinding He sends the disciples, saying, 'If someone asks you why you are untying the colt, say to him that the master has need of it.' Many were its masters before the Lord had need of it, but after He begins to be the master the other masters fall away. 'No one can serve God and mammon.' 3 When we are servants of wickedness we are the subjects of many passions and vices. Therefore the colt is unbound because the Lord has need. You are the colt of the ass, why would the Lord have need of you? What does He want with you? He cares for your salvation. He wishes for you to be unbound from the chains of sin. Then the disciples threw their garments over the ass and made the Saviour sit. They take up the word of God and place it on the souls of those who hear. They take off their garments and strew them in the way. The vestments of the Apostles are over us, their good works are our adornments, and they wish their cloaks to be trodden on by us. And truly the ass untied by the disciples and bearing Jesus walks on the cloaks of the Apostles when their teaching and way is imitated. Who of us is so blessed that Jesus sits upon us? He who while he was on the mount tarried with His Apostles, but then He began to come near when He descended, and that so that He might approach the crowd of the people. If He had not come down, the multitude would not have been able to meet Him. 4 He descends, He sits on the colt of the ass and all the people praise God with one voice. When the Pharisees see, they say to the Lord, 'Cry out against them,' and He answers, 'If I silenced them, the stones would cry out.' When we speak the stones are silent, when we are silent the stones cry out. For the Lord can raise up sons of Abraham from stones. 5 At what time shall we be silent? When the love of many cools, when that which has been preached by the Saviour is fulfilled. Do you think that the son of man shall find faith on earth? 6 Let us pray for the mercy of the Lord, lest with us being silent, the stones cry out. But let us speak and praise God, in the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit Origen, Homilies on Luke, from Homily 37, On why the donkey colt was unbound by the disciples, translated by Saint Jerome 1 Lk 19.29-30 2 Isaiah 30.6 3 Lk 16.13 4 Mt 5.1-8.1 5 Mt 3.8 6 Lk 18.8

Kings And Reigns

Tam Filio Dei, quam Antichristo regnandi studium est. Sed et Antichristus regnare desiderat, ut occidat quos sibi subjecerit; Christus ad hoc regnat ut salvet. Et unusquisque nostrum, si felix est; regnatur a Christo sermone, sapientia, justitia, veritate. Si autem amatores voluptatis sumus magis quam amatores Dei, regnamur a peccato, de quo Apostolus loquitur: Non ergo regnet peccatum in vestro mortali corpore. Duo igitur reges certatim regnare festinant: peccati rex peccatoribus diabolus, justitiae rex justis Christus. Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam, Homilia XXX, Interprete Sancto Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.1877a-b

As it is with the Son of God, so the Antichrist has a zeal to rule. But the Antichrist desires to rule so that he may ruin those who are subject to him, whereas Christ wishes to save us. Each of us, if we are blessed, rule through Christ, in word, and in wisdom, and in righteousness, and in truth. But if we are lovers of pleasure more than lovers of God, then we are ruled by sin, concerning which the Apostle says, 'Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body.' 1 Thus two kings are eager to reign, the devil over sinners in sin, and Christ over the righteous in righteousness. Origen, Homilies on Luke, from Homily 30, Translated by Saint Jerome 1 Rom 6.12

Love And Knowledge

Ὡς μὲν οὖν ἀντακολουθοῦσιν ἀλλήλαις αἱ ἀρεταί, τί χρὴ λέγειν, ἐπιδεδειγμένου ἤδη ὡς πίστις μὲν ἐπὶ μετανοίᾳ ἐλπίδι τε, εὐλάβεια δὲ ἐπὶ πίστει, καὶ ἡ ἐν τούτοις ἐπιμονή τε καὶ ἄσκησις ἅμα μαθήσει συμπεραιοῦται εἰς ἀγάπην, ἣ δὲ τῇ γνώσει τελειοῦται; ἐκεῖνο δὲ ἐξ ἀνάγκης παρασημειωτέον ὡς μόνον τὸ θεῖον σοφὸν εἶναι φύσει νοεῖσθαι χρή· διὸ καὶ ἡ σοφία δύναμις θεοῦ ἡ διδάξασα τὴν ἀλήθειαν· κἀνταῦθάπου εἴληπται ἡ τελείωσις τῆς γνώσεως. Φιλεῖ δὲ καὶ ἀγαπᾷ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὁ φιλόσοφος, ἐκ τοῦ θεράπων εἶναι γνήσιος δι' ἀγάπην ἤδη φίλος νομισθείς. Tαύτης δὲ ἀρχὴ τὸ θαυμάσαι τὰ πράγματα, ὡς Πλάτων ἐν Θεαιτήτῳ λέγει, καὶ Ματθίας ἐν ταῖς Παραδόσεσι παραινῶν θαύμασον τὰ παρόντα, βαθμὸν τοῦτον πρῶτον τῆς ἐπέκεινα γνώσεως ὑποτιθέμενος· ᾗ κἀν τῷ καθ' Ἑβραίους εὐαγγελίῳ "ὁ θαυμάσας βασιλεύσει" γέγραπται καὶ ὁ βασιλεύσας ἀναπαήσεται. Ἀδύνατον οὖν τὸν ἀμαθῆ, ἔστ' ἂν μένῃ ἀμαθής, φιλοσοφεῖν, τόν γε μὴ ἔννοιαν σοφίας εἰληφότα, φιλοσοφίας οὔσης ὀρέξεως τοῦ ὄντως ὄντος καὶ τῶν εἰς τοῦτο συντεινόντων μαθημάτων. Kἂν τὸ ποιεῖν καλῶς ᾖ τισιν ἐξησκημένον, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐπίστασθαι, ὡς χρηστέον καὶ ποιητέον, καὶ συνεκπονητέον, καθὸ καὶ ὁμοιοῦταί τις θεῷ, θεῷ λέγω τῷ σωτῆρι, θεραπεύων τὸν τῶν ὅλων θεὸν διὰ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως λόγου, δι' οὗ καθορᾶται τὰ κατ' ἀλήθειαν καλὰ καὶ δίκαια. Eὐσέβεια ἔστι πρᾶξις ἑπομένη καὶ ἀκόλουθος θεῷ. Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, Στρωματεων, Λογος Β’, Κεφ' Θ’ Source: Migne PG 9.979c-981b

As, then, the virtues follow one another, what need to speak of that which has been demonstrated already, that faith hopes through repentance, and fear through faith, and patience and practice in these, along with learning, culminate in love, which is perfected by knowledge? But what one must note is that the Divine alone must be thought as wise by nature. Therefore wisdom also, which has taught the truth, is the power of God, and in it the perfection of knowledge is embraced. The philosopher loves and likes the truth, being now changed from being a true servant to being considered a friend on account of his love. 1 The beginning of knowledge is a wondering at objects, as Plato says is in his Theaetetus, 2 and Matthias exhorting us in the Traditions, says, 'Wonder at what is before you,' laying this down as the first foundation of further knowledge. So also in the Gospel to the Hebrews it is written, 'He that wonders shall reign, and he that has reigned shall rest.' It is impossible, therefore, for an ignorant man, while he remains ignorant, to philosophise, since he has no grasp of the idea of wisdom and philosophy, which is an effort to grasp that which truly is, and the studies that lead to that. Which is not done to make a man cultivated, but so that there might be knowledge of what is beneficial and how to act and labour, insofar as one has a likeness to God, I mean God the Saviour, by the service of the God of all things through the High Priest, the Word, through whom is seen what is in truth good and right, and piety is conduct suitable for following God. Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata, Book 2, Chapter 9 1 Jn 15.15 2 Plato Theat 155d

Love, Life and Eternity

Σαφῶς ἐν τούτοις παρίσταται ἡ κατὰ τὸν δημιουργὸν τοῦ κόσμου Θεὸν καὶ τὰς αὐτοῦ Γραφὰς κηρυσσομένη ζωὴ αἰώνιος, ἤν κὶα ὁ Σωτὴρ καταγγέλλει. Πυθομένου οὖν τοῦ νομικοῦ· Τί ποιήσας ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω; ἐπὶ τὸν νόμον ἀναπέμπει, ἐκεῖθεν συνάγῃ ἐντολὰς τὰς προσαγούσας τὸν ποιοῦντα αὐτὰς τῇ αἰωνίῳ ζωῇ. Μαρτυρεῖ γοῦν τῷ εἰληθότι ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ Δευτρονομίου τὸ Ἀγαπήσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ Λευῖτικοῦ τὸ, Τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτὸν, Ὁρθῶς ἀπεκρίθης, καὶ προστίθησι· Τοῦτο ποίει, καὶ ζήσῃ, δηλονότι τὴν ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον, περὶ ἦς κάκεῖνός τε ἐπύθετο, καὶ ὁ Σωτὴρ διδάσκει. Ταῦτα δὲ εἴρηται πρὸς τοὺς ἀπὸ Οὐαλεντίνου, καὶ Βασιλίδου, καὶ τούς ἀπὸ Μαρκίωνος. Ἔχουσι γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὶ τὰς λέξεις ἐν τῷ καθ' ἑαυτοὺς Εὐαγγελίῳ· καὶ φήσομεν πρὸς αὐτούς· Ὁ μαρτυρήσας τῷ, ὅτι Ἀγαπήσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου, τὴν ἐντολὴν ἀπὸ Νόμου εἰρηκότι, οὐ παρὰ τινος ἄλλου ἤ του δυμιουργοῦ εἰρημένην, καὶ φήσας ἐπὶ τούτοις αὐτῷ, Ὀρθῶς ἀπεκρίθης, τί ἄλλὸ βούλεται ἡμᾶς πράττειν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ζῆσαι τὴν αἰώνιον ζωὴν, ἤ ἀγαπᾷν τὸν Θεὸν, τὸν ἐν νομῳ καὶ προφήταις, ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ; Ὁ Σωτὴρ δὲ ψοῦν ἀπεφήνατο περὶ τῶν δύο ἐντολῶν λέγων· Καὶ ἐν αὐταῖς ὅλος ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται κρέμανται. Ὠριγένης, Εἰς Τὸ Κατὰ Λουκαν Ἐπαγγελιον Source : Migne PG 13.1904c-d

According to God the creator of the world and the things preached in the Scriptures and as the Saviour declares, eternal life is manifestly offered in these things, whence being questioned by the lawyer, 'What shall I do to have eternal life,' 1 He directs him to the Law, there to gather from the commandments what shall grant eternal life. He gives witness, therefore, to that which is found in Deuteronomy: 'Love the Lord your God,' and in Leviticus: 'Love your neighbour as yourself,' 2 saying, 'You have answered correctly,' then adding, 'Do this and live,' that is, the life that is eternal, about which the man questioned Him, and the Saviour taught. And these things said are opposed to the sectarians of Valentinus and Basilides and Marcion, for they have these same words in their own Gospel, and we say to them, the commandment 'Love the Lord your God,' is quoted from the Law and He does not commend it as anything else but as something said by the Creator, and therefore He says, 'You have answered correctly,' because what else does He wish us to do so that we might live the eternal life but to love God with the whole heart, which is likewise found in the Law and in the prophets? Then the Saviour gives His judgement regarding these two commandments, 'And from these hang all the Law and the prophets.' 3 Origen, On the Gospel of St Luke, Fragment from the Orations of Macarius Chrysocephalus on Luke 1 Lk 10.25 2 Deut 6.5, Levit 19.18 3 Mt 22.40

Ordered And Disordered Love

Ordinate in me charitatem... Eleganter locutus est, ordinate, plurimorum quippe inordinata est charitas; quando in primo loco debent diligere, diligunt in secundo: quod in secundo, diligunt in primo: et quod oportet amare quarto, amant tertio: et rursus tertium in quarto, et est in plerisque charitatis ordo perversus. Sanctorum vero charitas ordinata est. Volo ad intelligendum hoc quod dictum est, ordinate in me charitatem, aliqua exempla replicare. Te vult divinus sermo diligere patrem, filium, filiam; vult te sermo divinus diligere Christum. Nec dicit tibi, ne diligas liberos, ne parentibus charitate jungaris. Sed quid dicit? Ne inordinatam habeas charitatem, ne primum patrem, aut matrem, deinde me diligas: ne filii et filiae plus quam mei charitate tenearis. Qui amat patrem aut matrem super me, non est me dignus: qui amat filium aut filiam super me, non est me dignus. Recole conscientiam tuam de patris, matris, fratrisve affectu, et considera qualem circa sermonem Dei et Jesu habeas charitatem: statim deprehendes magis te filium et filiam diligere, quam Verbum: magis te parentes amare, quam Christum. Quis, putas, ita proficit ex nobis, ut praecipuam et primam inter omnes sermones Dei habeat charitatem, qui in secundo loco liberos ponat? Juxta hunc modum, ama uxorem tuam. Nullus quippe aliquando suam carnem odio habuit, sed amat ut carnem. Et erunt, inquit, duo in carne una, et non in uno spiritu. Ama et Deum; sed ama illum, non ut carnem et sanguinem, sed ut spiritum. Qui enim adhaeret Deo, unus spiritus est. Igitur ordinata est charitas in perfectis. Ut autem post Deum etiam inter nos ordo ponatur, primum mandatum est, ut diligamus parentes: secundum, ut filios: tertium, ut domesticos nostros. Si autem filius malus est, et domesticus bonus: domesticus in charitate filii collocetur. Et ita fiet, ut sanctorum ordinata sit charitas. Magister quoque et Dominus noster in Evangelio praecepta de charitate constituens, ad uniuscujusque dilectionem proprium aliquid apposuit, et dedit intelligentiam ordinis his qui possunt audire Scripturam dicentem: Ordinate in me charitatem. Diliges Dominum Deum tuum ex toto corde tuo, et ex tota mente tua, et ex tota anima tua, et ex tota virtute tua. Diliges proximum tuum, sicut teipsum: non proximum ex toto corde, ex tota anima, et ex tota virtute, et ex tota mente. Rursus, inquit: Diligite inimicos vestros: et non apposuit, ex toto corde. Non est inordinatus sermo divinus, nec impossibilia praecipit, nec dicit: diligite inimicos vestros ut vosmetipsos: sed tantum, diligite inimicos vestros; sufficit eis, quod eos diligimus, et odio non habemus. Proximum vero, ut teipsum. Porro Deum ex toto corde, et ex tota anima, et ex tota mente, et ex tota virtute. Si haec intellexeris, et intellecta compleveris, fecisti quod sponsi sermone praecipitur: Introducite me in domum vini, ordinate in me. charitatem. Origenes, In Canticum Canticorum Homilia II, Interprete Divo Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.53b-c

Order love in me... 1 It is spoken elegantly, in order, for certainly love is disordered in many, when what they should love first they love second, and what they should second they love first, and what they should love fourth, they love third, and again what they should love third they love fourth, for in most the order of love has been perverted. But the love of those who are holy is ordered. I wish this which is said, 'Order love in me,' to be understood by turning back to a certain example. The Divine word wishes you to love a father, a son, a daughter, and the Divine word wishes you to love Christ. It is not said to you, 'Do not love your children,' nor 'Do not be attached to your parents by love.' But what is said? That love should not be disordered so that you love your father and mother first and then me. Do not prefer the love of your son or daughter before me, for it is not worthy of me. 'He who loves his father and mother before me is not worthy of me. He who loves his son and daughter before me is not worthy of me.' 2 Review your conscience regarding the affection you have for your father and mother and family, and consider what sort of love you have for Jesus and the word of God. Suddenly you grasp that you love your sons and daughter more than the Word. You love your parents more than Christ. Who do you think it helps among us that love is held to be special and primary among all the words of God, which put offspring in second place? In this way love your wife. Since no one has hatred for his own flesh but he loves it as flesh. 3 'And they shall be two in one flesh,'  He says, 4 and yet not in one spirit. Love God, but do not love him as flesh and blood, but as spirit. For he who adheres to God is one spirit. This is how love is ordered in those who are perfect. Thus our own are placed in order after God. First is the commandment that we love parents, secondly our children, thirdly our household. But if a son is wicked and a slave good, the slave is placed into the love of a son. And that it should be, so it is that love is ordered in those who are holy. In the Gospel our teacher and Lord sets down a precept concerning love, that each love be applied appropriately, and He gives the reason for this order to those who are able to the hear the Scripture saying: 'Order love in me.' 'Love the Lord your God with all your heart and all your mind and with all your soul and with all your strength. Love your neighbour as yourself.' 5 But not your neighbour with all your heart and all your mind and with all your soul and all your strength. Again He says, 'Love your enemies,' 6 but does not add 'with all your heart.' There is no disorder in the Divine speech, nor does it teach impossible things, nor does it say, 'Love your enemies as yourself,' but only, 'Love your enemies,' It is enough for them that we love them and have no hate for them. A neighbour, however, is to be loved as oneself. And God is to be loved with the whole heart, and with the whole soul, and with the whole mind, and with all one's strength. If you understand this and have a full understanding, you will do what word of the spouse commands: 'Bring me into the house of wine, order love in me.' Origen, Commentary On The Song of Songs, from Homily 2, translated by Saint Jerome 1 Song 2.4 2 Mt 10.37 3 Ephes 5.29 4 Gen 2.24 5 Deut 6, Mt 12, Mk 12, Lk 10 6 Lk 56.35

Stones And Sons

Illis enim qui de Abraham gloriabantur dicit: Et ne incipiatis dicere vobismetipsis, patrem habemus Abraham. Et de gentibus rursum loquitur: Dico enim vobis, quia potest Deus de lapidibus istis suscitare filios Abrahae. De quibus lapidibus? Non utque lapides irrationabiles corporeosque monstrabat, sed homines insensibiles et quondam duros, qui quia lapides et ligna adorabunt, impletum est illud quod in psalmo cantabatur: Similis illis fiant qui faciunt ea, et omnes qui confidunt eis. Vere qui faciunt idola, et confidunt in eis, similes sunt diis suis, absque sensu, sine ulla ratione, in lapides lignaque conversi sunt. Cum enim tantum videant creaturarum ordinem, decorem, officium, tantam mundi pulchritudinem, nolunt de creaturis intelligere Creatorem, neque considerant tantae dispensationis aliquam providentiam, aliquem esse rectorem, sed sunt caeci, his tantum oculis mundum videntes, quibus irrationabilia jumenta et bestiae vident. Non enim animadvertunt in his quae vident ratione regi, aliquam inesse rationem. Haec propterea, quia Joannes dixerat: Potest Deus de lapidibus istis suscitare filios Abrahae. Et nos igitur obsecreumus Deum, ut si quando fuimus lapides, vertamur in filios Abrahae pro his filiis qui ejecti sunt, et repromissonem adoptionemque suo vitio perdiderunt. Unum testimonium adhuc de lapidibus ponam. Siquidem in cantico Exodi scribitur: Vertantur in lapides, donec pertranseat populus tuus, Domine, donec transeat populus tuus iste quem possedisti. Rogatur itaque Deus, ut paulisper convertantur in lapides; hoc enim Graecs sermo significantius sonat, λιθούσθωσαν, donec pertranseat populus Judaeorum. Haud dubium quin postquam illi transierint, gentes lapideae esse cessabunt, et pro duro corde recipient humanam in Christo rationabilemque naturam. Cui est gloria et imperium in saecula saeculorum. Amen. Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam, Homilia XXII, Interprete Sancto Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.1858d-1856c

To those who gloried in Abraham John says: 'Do not begin to say yourselves, we have Abraham for a father.' And again about the Gentiles he says, 'I say to you that God can raise up sons of Abraham from these stones.' 1 From what stones? He does not mean irrational material stones but senseless and hard hearted men who adore stones and wood, which fulfills what was sung in the Psalm: 'They who make them are made like them, and so are all who trust in them.' 2 Truly those who make idols and trust in them are made like their gods, without sense, without any reason, they are turned into stone and wood. For when they see only the forms of created things, and the fairness of them, and the usefulness of them, and the beauty of the world, they care not to understand the creator through creatures, nor do they consider any providence in such a great dispensation, or any maker, but they are blind, with their eyes seeing only the world, by which they see like mindless cattle and beasts. Nor are they admonished by these things they see to be ruled by reason, and to be in possession of some reason. Because regarding these things John said, 'God can raise up sons of Abraham from these stones,'  therefore let us entreat God that if we have been stones, that we are turned into sons of Abraham, in place of those sons who have been cast out and in their sin and have died to the promise of adoption. One testimony I shall set forth about stones. In the song in Exodus it is written: 'Let them be turned into stones, until your people pass by, O Lord, until your people pass by, whom you have taken up.' 3 Thus God is asked that they be turned into stone for a little while, (and here the Greek word 'lithousthosan,' that is, let them be petrified, is more meaningful,) until the people of the Jews passes by. Without doubt after they have passed by the Gentiles shall cease to be stone, and receive for a hard heart a human one 4 in Christ, and a rational nature, to whom be glory and power forever. Amen. Origen, Homilies on Luke, from Homily 22, Translated by Saint Jerome 1 Lk 3.8 2 Ps 115.8 3 Exod 15.16 4 Ezek 36.26

The Praise Of Angels

Dominus noster atque Salvator nascitur in Bethlehem, et multitudo coelestis exceritus laudat Deum et dicit: Gloria in excelsis Deo, et super terram pax hominibus bonae voluntatis. Haec autem loquitur multitudo coelestis exercitus, quia jam defecert praebere hominibus auxilium et videbat se opus quod sibi creditum fuerat, implere non posse absque eo qui vere salvare poterat, et praesules quoque ipsos juvare, ut homines salvarentur. Quomodo igitur scriptum est in Evangelio, quod quidam remis sulcantes mare adversus contrarios ventos jam fessi erant, et viginti quinque, sive triginta stadiis laborantes, portum tenere non poterant, et postea Dominus supervenit, et quiescere fecit fluctus tumentes, navemque cujus hinc inde latera tundebantur, ab imminenti discrimine liberavit: sic intellige quoniam et angeli volebant quidem hominibus praebere auxilium, et eis ab aegrotationibus suis tribuere sanitatem, quia omnes sunt apparitores spiritus in ministerium missi propter eos qui consecuti sunt salutem: qui quantum in suis viribus erat, adjuvabant homines. Videbant autem multo inferiorem suam esse medicinam, quam illorum cura poscebat. Porro ut de exemplo possis intelligere quod dicimus, vide mihi urbem in qua aegrotent plurimi, et medicorum frequens adhibeatur manus: sint diversa vulnera, quotidie in emortuam carnem serpens putredo penetret: et tamen medici qui adhibiti sunt ad curandum, nequeant alia ultra invenire medicamina, et artis suae scientia magnitudinem mali vincere; cum haec in talibus nacti sint, eveniat aliquis archiater qui habeat summam in arte notitiam, et illi qui prius sanare nequiverant cernentes magistri manu putredines cessare vulnerum, non invideant, non livore crucientur, sed in laudes erumpant archiatri, et praedicent Deum qui et sibi et aegrotantibus tantae scientiae hominem miserit. In hanc ergo similitudinem et multitudo exercitus angelorum audita est dicens: Gloria in excelsis Deo, et super terram pax in hominibus bonae voluntatis. Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam, Homilia XIII, Interprete Sancto Hieronymo Source: Migne PG 13.1830c-1831a

Our Lord and Saviour is born in Bethlehem and a multitude of the heavenly host praises God and says: 'Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth to men of good will.' 1 And the multitude of the heavenly host says this because it has wearied itself in giving help to men, and it saw that the labour which it believed to be its own cannot be completed without Him who truly can save, even Him who is also the master who helps them so that men might be saved. Recall how is it written in the Gospel that certain men plying the oars were wearied in their struggle against contrary winds, and they laboured for twenty five or thirty stades and were not able to reach port, and later the Lord intervened and quietened the churning waves of the sea that were beating at the sides of the boat, and freed them from their pressing plight. 2 So understand that the angels wished to help men and bring them from sickness to health, because 'they are all ministering spirits sent to minister to them who shall receive the inheritance of salvation,' 3 as much as it is in them to help men. But they saw how inferior their own medicine is for what the cure requires. Perhaps by an example you shall be able to understand what I am saying. Imagine a city in which there are many sick people and the hands of physicians are frequently employed. There are many wounds and every day the worm enters into dying bodies, and however much the physicians exert themselves in healing they can do no more than their art allows them and as their knowledge can prevail over the evil, and when into such a situation the chief physician comes, he who knows everything about the art, when they see the hand of the master close up the festering wounds of those who they were not able to heal before, they are not envious, they are not distressed by it, but they burst out in praise of the chief physician and tell of God who has sent a man of such great knowledge to them and the sick. In this way, then, hear the host of angels saying, 'Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth to men of good will.' Origen, Homilies on Luke, from Homily 13, Translated by Saint Jerome 1 Lk 2.13-14 2 Jn 6.19-21 3 Heb 1.14

Wrath And Treasure

Secundum duritiam autem tuam, et cor impoenitens, theasurizas tibi ipsi iram in die irae, et revelationis justi judicii Dei, qui reddet unicuique secundum opera ejus. Cor durum in Scripturis dici videtur, cum mens humana velut cera frigore iniquitais obstricta signaculum imaginis divinae non recipit. Hoc idem alibi cor crassum appellatur, sicut cum dicitur: Incrassatum est cor populi hujus. Contrarium vero est duro molle,quod in Scripturis cor carneum nominatur; et crasso subtile, vel tenue, quod Apostolus spiritalem hominem vocat eum qui examinat omnia. Igitur cum quis scit quae bona sunt,et non agit bona,per duritiam cordis contemptum omnium bonorum habere credendus est. Crassitudo vero cordis est, ubi subtilis et spiritalis intelligentiae non recipitur sensus; et ita  cor impoenitens effectum thesaurizat sibi ipsi iram in die irae, et revelationis justi judicii Dei, dum bonum opus non agitur per duritiam; intellectus vero bonus per crassitudinem is excluditur. De ira autem Dei et superius, quantum res pati voluit, et in aliis locis saepe dissertum est. Quod vero dicit, Thesaurus tibi ipsia iram in die irae, considerandum est. Thesaurus appelatur, quo diversi generis opes, et divitiae congregantur. Hujus in Scripturis significantiam triplicem legimus. Dicitur enim in Evangelio thesaurus esse quidam in terris, in quo prohibet Dominus thesaurizari: et alius thesaurus in coelo, in quo jubet fideles quosque opes suas recondere: et hic nunc Apostolus dicit irae thesauros. Omnes ergo homines per haec quae agunt in hoc mundo, in uno aliquo ex istis tribus congregant thesauros. Aut enim infidelis est quis et iniquus, et per duritiam cordis, et cor impoenitens in thesauro irae actus suos recondit. Aut terrenus est, et de terra sapit, ac de terra loquitur, et cum ei attulerit ager fructus uberes, destruit horrea sua, et majora aedificat, et theasaurizat in terra. Et ille quidem durus, hic autem stultus appellatur. Dicitur enim ad eum, Stulte, hac nocte repetent abs te animam tuam, et quae parasti, cujus erunt? Aut sapiens est, et in Deum dives, et in terris ambulans conversationem habet in coelis, atque omnia quae agit digna sunt regno coelorum: et iste talis divitiarum suarum thesauros condit in coelis. Ita igitur uniuscujusque thesauri possessor et conditor potest alius quidem carnalis, alius vero animalis homo, alius autem spiritualis appellatur. Origenes, Commentariorum In Epistolam Beati Pauli Ad Romanos, Liber II, Interprete Rufino Aquileiense Source: Migne PG 14.875a-876a

According to your hardness and an impenitent heart, you have heaped up the treasure of anger for yourself on the day of wrath and the revelation of the just judgement of God, who shall return to each one according to his works. 1 It seems that a hard heart is spoken of in the Scriptures when the human mind like wax inured by the frost of wickedness does not receive the impress of the Divine image. Elsewhere this same thing is called a dull heart, as when it is said, 'The heart of this people has become dull.' 2 On the contrary, however, hardness is softened when in the Scriptures the heart is named fleshly, and dullness becomes a light or tenuous weight, which the Apostle calls the spiritual man who examines all things. 3 Therefore when someone knows what good things are and does not do those goods things because of hardness of heart, he should be thought to have contempt for all goods. But dullness of heart is when the mind does not receive the subtle and spiritual understanding. And thus the impenitent heart heaps up for itself wrath on the day of wrath and the revelation of the just judgement of God while it does not perform good works because of hardness, but good understanding is prevented by dullness. Regarding the anger of God above, how great are the things ordained to be suffered has often been spoken of in other places, but what is said with 'a treasure of wrath for yourself on the day of wrath,' must be considered. What is named a treasure is something in which there are different types of wealth and a gathering of riches. We read a threefold meaning of this in the Scriptures. For it is said in the Gospel that there is a certain treasure on the earth that the Lord prohibits us to heap up, and another treasure in heaven, which He commands the faithful to store up, 4 and here the Apostle speaks of a treasure of anger. Therefore because of what they do in the world all men gather their treasure in one of these three ways. For either a man is faithless and wicked and through hardness and impenitence of heart he heaps up a treasure of wrath with his deeds. Or he is a worldly fellow and knows the things of the earth and speaks of the things of the earth, 5 and when he has gathered up the rich yield of his field he tears down his barns and makes bigger ones, and his treasure is on the earth, and that man is hardened, but he is called a dull fellow, for it is said to him, 'Fool, this night your soul is asked of you, and what you have prepared, whose shall it be?' 6 Now the wise man is rich in God, and walking on the earth he has his conversation with heaven, 7 and everything which he does is worthy of the kingdom of heaven, and he is the one who stores up the treasure of his riches in heaven. Thus one may call each one of these a possessor and founder of his treasure, and one is a carnal man, and one is an animal man, and one is a spiritual man. Origen, from the Commentary on the Letter of Paul to the Romans, Book 2, Translated by Rufinus of Aquileia. 1 Rom 2.5-6 2 Mt 13.15, Isaiah 6.10 3 Ezek 11.19, 36.26, 1 Cor 2.15 4 Mt 6.19-20 5 Jn 3.31 6 Lk 12.16-18 7 Phil 3.20

Sin And Patience

Aut divitias bonitatis ejus, et sustentationis, et patientiae contemnis? Ignoras quonaim benignitas Dei ad poenitentiam te adducit? Divitias bonitatis Dei ille agnoscere potest,qui considerat quanta in terris mala quotidie homines gerunt, et quomodo pene omnes declinantes, et simul inutiles facti, latam et spatiosam perditionis ambulant viam, angusto vitae itinere neglecto, et tamen his omnibus Deum productentem solem suum quotidie, et pluvias ministrantem, et qui considerat quanti quotidie in Deum blasphemant, et in coelum extendunt linguas suas. Jam quid de fraudibus, de vi, de scelere, de sacrilegiis et piaculis dicam? Quibus tamen omnibus in hoc loco illi videntur in scelere praeferri, qui alios judicantes,ipsi commitunt quae in caeteris puniunt. Si quis ergo hanc bonitatem Dei et sustentationem ejus, et patientiam contemnit, ignorat quod per haec ad poenitentiam provocatur. Sustentatio vero a patientia hoc videtur differre, quod qui infirmitate magis, quam proposito delinquunt,sustentari dicuntur: qui vero pertinaci mente velut exsultant in delictis suis, ferri patienter dicendi sunt. Sed sicut omnia in mensura fecit Deus,et pondere, et numero,ita etiam patientiae ejus certa mensura est: quam mesuram credendum est esse consumatam vel ab his qui diluvio perierunt vel ab his qui in Sodomis colelesti igne vastati sunt. Unde et de Amorrhaeis dicitur: Nondum enim repleta sunt peccata Amorrhaeorum usque nunc. Fert ergo Deus patienter, et exspectat uniuscujusque poenitentiam. Sed non nos dissolvat hoc, et tardos ad conversionem faciat,quia rursus patientiae ejus et sustentationis certa mensura est. Origenes, Commentariorum In Epistolam Beati Pauli Ad Romanos, Liber II, Interprete Rufino Aquileiense Source: Migne PG 14.874b-875a

Or do you scorn the riches of His kindness and endurance and patience? Are you ignorant that the kindness of God is to lead you to penance? 1 He is able to recognise the riches of the kindness of God who considers how much evil in the world men do every day, and how everyone goes astray and at the same time do worthless things, walking in the way of ruin that is wide and easy and neglecting the narrow way of life, and yet for all these God brings forth His sun every day and serves them with rain. 2 And consider how many blaspheme God everyday and thrust out their tongues to heaven. 3 What then shall I say of lies and violence and crimes and sacrilege and shameful acts? By all which things they also appear bearing wrong, who condemn others and then do what they punish in others. If, then, someone should scorn the kindness and endurance and patience of God, he neglects that which calls him to penance. Now endurance seems to differ from patience in this way: endurance pertains to him who wanders from what is wished because of weakness, but patience is a bearing with one who exults in his wickedness because of an obstinate mind. But as God takes the measure of all things, and weighs them, and reckons them, 4 so His patience has a certain measure, which measure must be thought to have been filled up either with those who perished in the flood, or with those who were consumed by heavenly fire in Sodom. Whence it is said of the Amorites: 'Not yet even now are the sins of the Amorites filled up.' 5 Therefore God is patient and hopes for the penance of everyone. But this should not cause us to relax and make us tardy for conversion, because His patience and endurance has a certain measure. Origen, from the Commentary on the Letter of Paul to the Romans, Book 2, Translated by Rufinus of Aquileia. 1 Rom 2.4 2 Mt 7.13-14, 5.45 3 Ps 72.9 4 Wisd 11.21 5 Gen 15.16

Encouraging Confessors

Cyprianus Rogatiano presbytero et caeteris confessoribus fratribus salutem. Et jampridem vobis, fratres charissimi ac fortissimi, litteras miseram, quibus fidei et virtuti vestrae verbis exultantibus gratularer, et nunc non aliud in primis vox nostra complectitur quam ut laeto animo frequenter ac semper gloriam vestri nominis praedicemus. Quid enim vel majus in votis meis potest esse vel melius quam cum video confessionis vestrae honore luminatum gregem Christi? Nam, cum gaudere in hoc omnes fratres oporteat, tum in gaudio communi major est episcopi portio: Ecclesiae enim gloria praepositi gloria est. Quantum dolemus ex illis quos tempestas inimica prostravit, tantum laetamur ex vobis, quos diabolus superare non potuit. Hortamur tamen per communem fidem, per pectoris nostri veram circa vos et simplicem charitatem, ut, qui adversarium prima hac congressione vicistis, gloriam vestram forti et perseveranti virtute teneatis. Adhuc in saeculo sumus, adhuc in acie constituti, de vita nostra quotidie dimicamus. Danda opera est ut post haec initia ad incrementa quoque veniatur, et consummetur in vobis quod jam rudimentis felicibus esse coepistis. Parum est adipisci aliquid potuisse; plus est quod adeptus es posse servare; sicut et fides ipsa et nativitas salutaris, non accepta, sed custodia, vivificat. Nec statim consecutio, sed consummatio hominem Deo servat. Dominus hoc magisterio suo docuit dicens: Ecce sanus factus es, jam noli peccare, ne quid tibi deterius fiat. Puta hoc illum et confessori suo dicere: Ecce confessor factus es, jam noli peccare, ne quid tibi deterius fiat. Salomon denique et Saul et caeteri multi, quamdiu in viis Domini ambulaverunt, datam sibi gratiam tenere potuerunt. Recedente ab iis disciplina Dominica, recessit et gratia. Sanctus Cyprianus, Epistula VI, Ad Rogantium Presbyterum Et Caeteros Confessors Source: Migne PL 3.235a-236b

Cyprian to the presbyter Rogatianus, and to the other confessors, his brethren, greetings. I had before, most beloved and bravest brethren, sent you a letter in which I congratulated your faith and virtue with words of exultation, and now, first of all, our voice has no other care than to announce the glory of your name repeatedly and always with a joyful mind. For what can I wish for in my prayers that would be greater or better than I might see the flock of Christ enlightened by the honour of your confession? For though all the brethren should rejoice in this, yet the share of the bishop is the greatest in the common gladness. For the glory of the Church is the glory of him who who presides. As much as we lament over those who have been thrown down by a hostile storm, to the same degree we rejoice over you whom the devil has not been able to overcome. However we exhort you by our common faith, by the true and simple love in our heart for you, that having overcome the adversary in this first encounter, you should cling to your glory with a brave and persevering virtue. We are still in the world, we are yet placed in the battleline, we fight daily for our lives. We should give ourselves to the task so that after such a beginning there should also come about an increase, and thus that what you have begun to be with such a blessed commencement should be perfected in you. It is a little thing to have been able to obtain something, it is much more that you are able to keep what you have obtained, even as faith itself and saving birth gives life not simply by being received, but by being preserved. It is not the instant of attainment, but the perfecting, that guards a man for God. The Lord taught this in His instruction when He said, 'Behold, you are made well. Sin no more, lest something worse befall you.' 1 Think of Him as saying something like this to His confessor, 'Behold, you are made a confessor. Sin no more, lest something worse come upon you.' So Solomon, and Saul, and many others, as long as they walked in the Lord's ways, were able to keep the grace given to them. When they abandoned the discipline of the Lord, grace abandoned them. Saint Cyprian of Carthage, from Letter 6, to Rogantius the Priest and other Confessors 1 Jn 5.14

The Sabbath

Τοῦτο τὸ ῥημα ὄ ἐλάλησε Κύριος· Σάββατα, ἀνάπαυσις ἁγία τῷ Κυρίῷ αὕριον. Ἀπογράφομαι τὰ περὶ τοῦ σαββάτου εἰρημένα· πρῶτον κατὰ το ῥητὸν, ἵν' ἴδωσι τί σημαίνει τὸ γράμμα· δεύτερον δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἀναγωγὴν, καθ' ἤν εἴποιμι ἂν ἡμέραν σαββάτου ἑνεστηκέναι τῷ δικαίῳ καταλύσαντι τὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἔργα, καὶ δοξάζοντι τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ σχολάζοντι, μήτε τοῦ τόπου ἐν ᾦ ἔστηκε τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἀφισταμένῳ· μήτε πῦρ καίοντι, κατὰ τὸ μηδὲν ἁμαρτάνειν· μήτε βαστάγματα αἴροντι. Βάσταγμα ὄρους βαρύτερον πᾶσα ἁμαρτία· διὸ ἔλεγεν ὁ Ὑμνῳδὸς· Ὠσεὶ φορτίον βαρὺ ἐβαρύνθησαν ἐπ' ἐμέ. Ἑτέρα δὲ ἀπογραφὴ ἂν εἴη σαββάτου, καθ' ἤν ἀπολείπεται σαββατισμὸς τῷ λαῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀνάπαυσις ἱερὰ καὶ ἁγία. Ὁ δὲ ποιήσας πάντα τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ, ἄξιος κρίνεται ἐκείνου τοῦ Σαββάτου· σχολάζων οὐδενὶ ἢ τῇ θεωρίᾳ της αληθείας, καὶ τῆς σοφίας. Ὠριγένης, Ἐκλογαὶ Εἰς Την Ἐξοδον Source: Migne PG 12.289a-b

This is the word the Lord spoke, 'Tomorrow is the Sabbath, the rest holy to the Lord.' 1 I shall expound what is said concerning the Sabbath first according to the plain word, so that what the letter means shall be apparent, and then according to the spiritual understanding, according to which I may say that the Sabbath day is fitting for the righteous man to make an end of the works of the world, and to glorify God, and to be at peace, and not to withdraw from the place in which he stands, which is obviously Christ, nor does he kindle the fire of sin, nor does he carry burdens. Heavier than the weight of a mountain is every sin, as the Psalmist said: 'As a burden weighing greatly upon me.' 2 Another exposition of the Sabbath is that 'there remains a Sabbath for the people of God,' 3 which is sacred and holy rest. And he who has performed all his work is judged worthy of this Sabbath, having leisure for nothing else but the contemplation of truth and wisdom. Origen, On Exodus, Fragment 1 Exod 16.23 2 Ps 37.5 3 Heb 4.9

Teaching And Judgement

Αὐτίκα γοῦν ὁ Μωσῆς, τῷ τελείῳ προφητικῶς παραχωρῶν παιδαγωγῷ τῷ λόγῳ, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα καὶ τὴν παιδαγωγίαν προθεσπίζει καὶ τῷ λαῷ παρατίθεται τὸν παιδαγωγόν, ἐντολὰς ὑπακοῆς ἐγχειρίσας· προφήτην ὑμῖν ἀναστήσει, φησίν, ὁ θεὸς ὡς ἐμὲ ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, τὸν Ἰησοῦν τὸν τοῦ Ναυῆ αἰνιττόμενος τὸν Ἰησοῦν τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ υἱόν· σκιαγραφία γὰρ ἦν τοῦ κυρίου τὸ ὄνομα τὸ Ἰησοῦ προκηρυσσόμενον ἐν νόμῳ. Ἐπιφέρει γοῦν, τὸ λυσιτελὲς τῷ λαῷ συμβουλεύων, αὐτοῦ ἀκούσεσθε λέγων, καὶ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὃς ἂν μὴ ἀκούσῃ τοῦ προφήτου τούτου, τούτῳ ἀπειλεῖ. Τοιοῦτον ἡμῖν ὄνομα σωτηρίου προφητεύει παιδαγωγοῦ. Διὰ τοῦτο αὐτῷ ῥάβδον περιτίθησιν ἡ προφητεία, ῥάβδον παιδευτικήν, ἀρχικήν, κατεξουσιαστικήν, ἵν' οὓς ὁ λόγος ὁ πειθήνιος οὐκ ἰᾶται, ἀπειλὴ ἰάσεται, οὓς δὲ ἡ ἀπειλὴ οὐκ ἰᾶται, ἡ ῥάβδος ἰάσεται, οὓς δὲ ἡ ῥάβδος οὐκ ἰᾶται, τὸ πῦρ ἐπινέμεται. Ἐξελεύσεται, φησί, ῥάβδος ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης Ἰεσσαί. Ὅρα καὶ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν καὶ τὴν σοφίαν καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ παιδαγωγοῦ· οὐ κατὰ τὴν δόξαν, φησί, κρινεῖ, οὐδὲ κατὰ τὴν λαλιὰν ἐλέγξει, ἀλλὰ κρινεῖ ταπεινῷ κρίσιν καὶ ἐλέγξει τοὺς ἁμαρτωλοὺς τῆς γῆς. Καὶ διὰ Δαβίδ· Kύριος παιδεύων ἐπαίδευσέν με καὶ τῷ θανάτῳ οὐ παρέδωκέν με· τὸ γὰρ ὑπὸ κυρίου παιδευθῆναι καὶ παιδαγωγηθῆναι θανάτου ἐστὶν ἀπαλλαγή. Καὶ διὰ τοῦ αὐτοῦ προφήτου φησίν· ἐν ῥάβδῳ σιδηρᾷ ποιμανεῖς αὐτούς. Ταύτῃ καὶ ὁ ἀπόστολος κινηθεὶς ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κορινθίους τί θέλετε; φησίν, ἐν ῥάβδῳ ἔλθω πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἢ ἐν ἀγάπῃ πνεύματί τε πραΰτητος; Ἀλλὰ καὶ "ῥάβδον δυνάμεως ἐξαποστελεῖ Kύριος ἐκ Σιὼν δι' ἄλλου προφήτου λέγει. Ἡ δὲ παιδαγωγικὴ αὕτη ἡ ῥάβδος σου καὶ ἡ βακτηρία σου παρεκάλεσάν με, εἶπέν τις ἕτερος. Αὕτη τοῦ παιδαγωγοῦ ἡ δύναμις ἡ σεμνή, ἡ παρακλητική, ἡ σωτήριος. Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, Ὁ Παιδαγωγός, Λόγος Πρώτος, Κεφ Ζ’ Source: Migne PG 8.321c-324b

Now Moses, prophetically giving place to the perfect teacher, the Word, predicts both the name and the office of the Teacher, and giving to the people the commands of obedience, sets before them the Teacher. 'From among the brethren God will raise up a prophet for you like me,' pointing toward Jesus the Son of God by allusion to Jesus the son of Nun. For the name of Jesus predicted in the Law was a shadow of Christ. Then caring for the advantage of the people, he adds: 'You shall listen to him,' and he warns 'the man who will not hear this prophet.' 1 This name he predicts is that of the Teacher, the author of salvation. Whence prophecy equips Him with a rod, a rod of discipline and of rule and of authority, so that those whom the persuasive word does not heal, warnings may heal, and those whom warnings do not heal, the rod may heal, and those who the rod does not heal, fire shall devour. 'There shall come forth,' it is said, 'a rod out of the root of Jesse.' And then see the care and wisdom and power of the Teacher: 'He shall not judge according to opinion nor according to report, but He shall give judgement for the humble and reprove the sinners of the earth.' 2 And through David: 'The Lord in His teaching has instructed me and not given me over to death.' 3 For to be chastised by the Lord and instructed is deliverance from death. And through the same prophet He says: 'You shall rule them with a rod of iron.' 4 Thus also the Apostle, being troubled, in the Epistle to the Corinthians says, 'What do you wish? Shall I come to you with a rod, or in love with a spirit of meekness?' 5 And He says through another Prophet: 'The Lord shall send a rod of power from Sion,' And regarding this same rod of instruction, someone else said, 'Your rod and staff have comforted me.' 6 Such is the power of the Teacher, sacred, comforting, saving. Clement of Alexandria, The Teacher, Book 1, Chapter 7 1 Deut 18.15, 19 2 Isaiah 11.1-4 3 Ps 117.18 4 Ps 2.9 5 1 Cor 4.21 6 Ps 109.2, Ps 22.4