Beginnings

Οἱ γὰρ Θεὸν ἀγνοήσαντες, αἰτίαν ἔμφρονα προεστάναι τῆς γενέσεως τῶν ὅλων οὐ συνεχώρησαν, ἀλλ᾿ οἰκείως τῇ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀγνοίᾳ τὰ ἐφεξῆς συνεπέραναν. Διὰ τοῦτο οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ τὰς ὑλικὰς ὑποθέσεις κατέφυγον, τοῖς τοῦ κόσμου στοιχείοις τὴν αἰτίαν τοῦ παντὸς ἀναθέντες· οἱ δὲ ἄτομα καὶ ἀμερῆ σώματα, καὶ ὄγκους καὶ πόρους συνέχειν τὴν φύσιν τῶν ὁρατῶν ἐφαντάσθησαν. Νῦν μὲν γὰρ συνιόντων ἀλλήλοις τῶν ἀμερῶν σωμάτων, νῦν δὲ μετασυγκρινομένων, τὰς γενέσεις καὶ τὰς φθορὰς ἐπιγίνεσθαι· καὶ τῶν διαρκεστέρων σωμάτων τὴν ἰσχυροτέραν τῶν ἀτόμων ἀντεμπλοκὴν τῆς διαμονῆς τὴν αἰτίαν παρέχειν. Ὄντως ἱστὸν ἀράχνης ὑφαίνουσιν οἱ ταῦτα γράφοντες, οἱ οὕτω λεπτὰς καὶ ἀνυποστάτους ἀρχὰς οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς καὶ θαλάσσης ὑποτιθέμενοι. Οὐ γὰρ ᾔδεσαν εἰπεῖν, Ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν. Διὰ τοῦτο ἀκυβέρνητα καὶ ἀδιοίκητα εἶναι τὰ σύμπαντα, ὡς ἂν τύχῃ φερόμενα, ὑπὸ τῆς ἐνοικούσης αὐτοῖς ἀθεότητος ἠπατήθησαν. Ὅπερ ἵνα μὴ πάθωμεν ἡμεῖς, ὁ τὴν κοσμοποιίαν συγγράφων εὐθὺς ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις ῥήμασι τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν διάνοιαν ἡμῶν κατεφώτισεν, εἰπών, Ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεός. Τί καλὴ ἡ τάξις; Ἀρχὴν πρῶτον ἐπέθηκεν, ἵνα μὴ ἄναρχον αὐτὸν οἰηθῶσί τινές. Εἶτα ἐπήγαγε τό, Ἐποίησεν, ἵνα δειχθῇ, ὅτι ἐλάχιστον μέρος τῆς τοῦ δημιουργοῦ δυνάμεώς ἐστι τὸ ποιηθέν. Ὡς γὰρ ὁ κεραμεὺς ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς τέχνης μυρία διαπλάσας σκεύη, οὔτε τὴν τέχνην οὔτε δύναμιν ἐξανάλωσεν· οὕτω καὶ ὁ τοῦ παντὸς τούτου δημιουργὸς, οὐχ ἑνὶ κόσμῳ σύμμετρον τὴν ποιητικὴν ἔχων δύναμιν, ἀλλ᾿ εἰς τὸ ἀπειροπλάσιον ὑπερβαίνουσαν. Ἅγιος Βασιλειος Καισαρείας, Εις Την ῾Εξαημερον, Ὁμιλὶα A' Source Migne PG 29.8a-c

Those who were ignorant of God could not allow an intelligent cause to preside at the birth of all things, for which initial error there were successive consequences. Because of this some took themselves to matter as the principle and attributed the origin of everything to the elements of the world. Others imagined that atoms and indivisible bodies, joined together with hooks and hollows, were the nature of the visible world. For these indivisible bodies, now reuniting and now separating, produce births and deaths, and the stronger binding of the atoms was held to be the cause of the consistency of more durable bodies. A true spider's web is woven by these writers who give so weak an origin and so little a consistency to heaven and to earth and to sea. For they knew not how to say 'In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.' 1 Deceived by atheism dwelling within, it appeared to them that nothing governed or ordered or ruled all things, so that all was chance. So lest we so err, the writer on the creation, immediately with the very first words, enlightens our understanding with the name of God, 'In the beginning God created...' 1 Is it not a beautiful arrangement? First he establishes a beginning, so that no one might think that there was no beginning. Then he adds 'Created' in order to show that which was made was a very small part of the power of the Creator. Just as a potter, having made a great number of vessels out of his art, has not exhausted either his art or his power, so this maker's power was not bounded by one world, but could extend to the infinite. Saint Basil of Caesarea, Hexameron, from Homily 1 1 Gen 1.1