Winter's End

Ἀποκρίνεται, φησίν, ὁ ἀδελφιδός μου καὶ λέγει μοι· Ἀνάστα, ἐλθέ, ἡ πλησίον μου, καλή μου, περιστερά μου, ὅτι ἰδοὺ ὁ χειμὼν παρῆλθεν, ὁ ὑετὸς ἀπῆλθεν, ἐπορεύθη ἑαυτῷ, τὰ ἄνθη ὤφθη ἐν τῇ γῇ, ὁ καιρὸς τῆς τομῆς ἔφθακεν, φωνὴ τοῦ τρυγόνος ἠκούσθη ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡμῶν, ἡ συκῆ ἐξήνεγκε τοὺς ὀλύνθους αὐτῆς, αἱ ἄμπελοι κυπρίζουσιν, ἔδωκαν ὀσμήν. Ὢ πῶς γλαφυρῶς ἡμῖν ὑπογράφει τὴν τοῦ ἔαρος χάριν ὁ πλάστης τοῦ ἔαρος, πρὸς ὅν φησιν ὁ Δαβὶδ ὅτι Θέρος καὶ ἔαρ σὺ ἔπλασας αὐτά. Λύει τὴν τοῦ χειμῶνος κατήφειαν παρεληλυθέναι λέγων τὴν χειμερινὴν σκυθρωπότητα καὶ τὴν τῶν ὑετῶν ἀηδίαν· λειμῶνας δείκνυσι βρύοντας καὶ ὡραϊζομένους τοῖς ἄνθεσιν, τὰ δὲ ἄνθη ἐν ἀκμῇ εἶναι λέγει καὶ πρὸς τομὴν ἐπιτηδείως ἔχειν, ὡς εἰς στεφάνου πλοκὴν ἢ μύρου κατασκευὴν ἀναιρεῖσθαι πάντως τοὺς ἀνθολόγους. Ἡδύνει δὲ τὸν καιρὸν ὁ λόγος καὶ ταῖς τῶν ὀρνίθων ᾠδαῖς κατὰ τὰ ἄλση περιηχούμενον τῆς ἡδείας τῶν τρυγόνων φωνῆς ταῖς ἀκοαῖς προσηχούσης, συκῆν δὲ λέγει καὶ ἄμπελον τὴν ἀπ' αὐτῶν γενησομένην τρυφὴν τοῖς φαινομένοις προοιμιάζεσθαι, τὴν μὲν τοὺς ὀλύνθους ἐκφέρουσαν, τὴν δὲ τῷ ἄνθει κυπρίζουσαν, ὡς κατατρυφᾶν τῆς εὐωδίας τὴν ὄσφρησιν. Oὕτω μὲν οὖν ἁβρύνεται τῇ ὑπογραφῇ τῆς ἐαρινῆς ὥρας ὁ λόγος τό τε σκυθρωπὸν ἀποβάλλων καὶ τοῖς γλυκυτέροις ἐμφιλοχωρῶν διηγήμασιν. Χρὴ δέ, οἶμαι, μὴ παραμεῖναι τὴν διάνοιαν τῇ τῶν γλαφυρῶν τούτων ὑπογραφῇ, ἀλλὰ δι' αὐτῶν ὁδηγηθῆναι πρὸς τὰ δηλούμενα διὰ τῶν λογίων τούτων μυστήρια, ὥστε ἀνακαλυφθῆναι τὸν θησαυρὸν τῶν νοημάτων τὸν ἐγκεκρυμμένον τοῖς ῥήμασιν. Tί οὖν ἐστιν ὅ φαμεν; πεπήγει ποτὲ τῷ τῆς εἰδωλολατρίας κρυμῷ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον τῆς εὐκινήτου φύσεως τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὴν τῶν ἀκινήτων σεβασμάτων φύσιν μεταβληθείσης· Ὅμοιοι γάρ φησιν αὐτοῖς γένοιντο οἱ ποιοῦντες αὐτὰ καὶ πάντες οἱ πεποιθότες ἐπ' αὐτοῖς. Kαὶ τὸ εἰκὸς ἐν τοῖς γινομένοις ἦν· ὥσπερ γὰρ οἱ πρὸς τὴν ἀληθινὴν θεότητα βλέποντες ἐφ' ἑαυτῶν δέχονται τὰ τῆς θείας φύσεως ἰδιώματα, οὕτως ὁ τῇ ματαιότητι τῶν εἰδώλων προσανέχων μετεστοιχειοῦτο πρὸς τὸ βλεπόμενον λίθος ἐξ ἀνθρώπου γινόμενος. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν ἀπολιθωθεῖσα διὰ τῆς τῶν εἰδώλων λατρείας ἀκίνητος ἦν πρὸς τὸ κρεῖττον ἡ φύσις ἐμπεπηγυῖα τῷ τῆς εἰδωλολατρίας κρυμῷ, τούτου χάριν ἐπανατέλλει τῷ χαλεπῷ τούτῳ χειμῶνι ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἥλιος καὶ ἔαρ ποιεῖ τοῦ μεσημβρινοῦ πνεύματος, τοῦ τὴν τοιαύτην διαλύοντος πῆξιν, ἅμα τῇ ἀνατολῇ τῶν ἀκτίνων συνεπιθάλποντος ἅπαν τὸ ὑποκείμενον, ἵνα διαθερμανθεὶς τῷ πνεύματι ὁ διὰ τοῦ κρύους λιθωθεὶς ἄνθρωπος καὶ ὑποθαλφθεὶς τῇ ἀκτῖνι τοῦ λόγου πάλιν γένηται ὕδωρ ἁλλόμενον εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον· Πνεύσεται γὰρ τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ καὶ ῥυήσεται ὕδατα. Στρεφομένης τῆς πέτρας εἰς λίμνας ὑδάτων καὶ τῆς ἀκροτόμου εἰς πηγὰς ὑδάτων. Ἅγιος Γρηγόριος Νύσσης, Ἐξηγησις Του Αἰσματος Των Ἀσμάτων Ὁμιλία E' Source: Migne PG 44.864d-65a

My love answered and said to me: 'Rise up, come, my dear , my fair one, my dove, behold, the winter has passed, the rains have gone and departed, the flowers appear on the earth, and the time of cutting has come, the voice of the turtledove is heard in our land, the fig tree puts forth its figs, and the vines blossom, giving off their scents.' 1 How elegantly the Creator of spring describes to us the grace of spring, concerning which David says. 'Summer and spring, you had shaped them.' 2 The gloom of winter passes away, meaning that the troubles of winter have passed away and the vexations of the rains. He reveals the meadows teeming and adorned with flowers, and he speaks of flowers at their fairest, which are now most suitable for cutting, to be taken and arranged for a garland or for the making of scents. This passage delights in the season, the birds singing in groves, and the sweet voice of the turtle dove resounding in the ears, and the figs, he says, and the vines, which from themselves birth the signs of future delights, for one puts forth little figs, the other buds with flowers, and the nose perceives the fair aromas. Thus the passage delights in describing spring time, and casts away grief with the telling of sweet joys. But I think we must not linger on the thought of these delightful descriptions, but by them be led to those mysteries which this speech signifies, that the treasury of the understanding be opened for what is hidden by these words. What is it, then, that we should say about this? When the chill of idolatry froze the human race, the lively nature of man was turned to the cult of immobile things. As it says 'They shall be like those things which they make and all who trust in them.' 3 And it was fitting that this be so. For as the true Divinity is seen by those who have received the qualities of the Divine nature, so he who attended to the vanity of idols was transformed into what he saw, as a stone from a man. Since, then, he was petrified by the worship of idols, the immobile nature froze the better in the frigidity of idolatry. Because of this, in the bitterness of this winter, the sun of righteousness arose, and spring was fashioned, the southern wind melted the ice, and with its rising whatever was cast down was warmed up by the rays of the word, so that man who was frozen like a stone was warmed by the spirit, and again the waters leaped up to eternal life. 4 It says: 'He breathed out His spirit and the waters flowed,' 5 and 'Who turned the stone into a lake of water, and the rock into a spring of water.' 6 Saint Gregory of Nyssa, Commentary on The Song of Songs, from Homily 5 1 Song 2.10-13 2 Ps 73.17 3 Ps 113.8 4 Jn 4.14 5 Ps 147.18 6 Ps 113.8