Angels And Apostles

Ὁ τοίνυν μετριοπαθήσας τὰ πρῶτα καὶ εἰς ἀπάθειαν μελετήσας αὐξήσας τε εἰς εὐποιίαν γνωστικῆς τελειότητος ἰσάγγελος μὲν ἐνταῦθα· φωτεινὸς δὲ ἤδη καὶ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος λάμπων κατὰ τὴν εὐεργεσίαν σπεύδει τῇ γνώσει τῇ δικαίᾳ δι' ἀγάπης θεοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν ἁγίαν μονὴν καθάπερ οἱ ἀπόστολοι, οὐχ, ὅτι ἦσαν ἐκλεκτοί, γενόμενοι ἀπόστολοι κατά τι φύσεως ἐξαίρετον ἰδίωμα, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Ἰούδας ἐξελέγη σὺν αὐτοῖς, ἀλλ' οἷοί τε ἦσαν ἀπόστολοι γενέσθαι ἐκλεγέντες πρὸς τοῦ καὶ τὰ τέλη προορωμένου. ὁ γοῦν μὴ σὺν αὐτοῖς ἐκλεγεὶς Ματθίας, ἄξιον ἑαυτὸν παρασχόμενος τοῦ γενέσθαι ἀπόστολον, ἀντικατατάσσεται Ἰούδα. ἔξεστιν οὖν καὶ νῦν ταῖς κυριακαῖς ἐνασκήσαντας ἐντολαῖς, κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τελείως βιώσαντας καὶ γνωστικῶς, εἰς τὴν ἐκλογὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐγγραφῆναι. οὗτος πρεσβύτερός ἐστι τῷ ὄντι τῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ διάκονος ἀληθὴς τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ βουλήσεως, ἐὰν ποιῇ καὶ διδάσκῃ τὰ τοῦ κυρίου, οὐχ ὑπ' ἀνθρώπων χειροτονούμενος οὐδ', ὅτι πρεσβύτερος, δίκαιος νομιζόμενος, ἀλλ', ὅτι δίκαιος, ἐν πρεσβυτερίῳ καταλεγόμενος· κἂν ἐνταῦθα ἐπὶ γῆς πρωτοκαθεδρίᾳ μὴ τιμηθῇ, ἐν τοῖς εἴκοσι καὶ τέσσαρσι καθεδεῖται θρόνοις τὸν λαὸν κρίνων, ὥς φησιν ἐν τῇ ἀποκαλύψει Ἰωάννης. μία μὲν γὰρ τῷ ὄντι διαθήκη ἡ σωτήριος ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου εἰς ἡμᾶς διήκουσα, κατὰ διαφόρους γενεάς τε καὶ χρόνους διάφορος εἶναι τὴν δόσιν ὑποληφθεῖσα. ἀκόλουθον γὰρ εἶναι μίαν ἀμετάθετον σωτηρίας δόσιν παρ' ἑνὸς θεοῦ δι' ἑνὸς κυρίου πολυτρόπως ὠφελοῦσαν, δι' ἣν αἰτίαν τὸ μεσότοιχον αἴρεται τὸ διορίζον τοῦ Ἰουδαίου τὸν Ἕλληνα εἰς περιούσιον λαόν. καὶ οὕτως ἄμφω εἰς τὴν ἑνότητα τῆς πίστεως καταντῶσιν, καὶ ἡ ἐξ ἀμφοῖν ἐκλογὴ μία. καὶ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν, φησίν, ἐκλεκτότεροι οἱ κατὰ τὴν τελείαν γνῶσιν καὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας αὐτῆς ἀπηνθισμένοι καὶ τῇ μεγαλοπρεπεστάτῃ δόξῃ τετιμημένοι, κριταί τε καὶ διοικηταί, ἐπ' ἴσης ἔκ τε Ἰουδαίων ἔκ τε Ἑλλήνων, οἱ τέσσαρες καὶ εἴκοσι, διπλασιασθείσης τῆς χάριτος· ἐπεὶ καὶ αἱ ἐνταῦθα κατὰ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν προκοπαὶ ἐπισκόπων, πρεσβυτέρων, διακόνων μιμήματα, οἶμαι, ἀγγελικῆς δόξης κἀκείνης τῆς οἰκονομίας τυγχάνουσιν, ἣν ἀναμένειν φασὶν αἱ γραφαὶ τοὺς κατ' ἴχνος τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐν τελειώσει δικαιοσύνης κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον βεβιωκότας. ἐν νεφέλαις τούτους ἀρθέντας γράφει ὁ ἀπόστολος διακονήσειν μὲν τὰ πρῶτα, ἔπειτα ἐγκαταταγῆναι τῷ πρεσβυτερίῳ κατὰ προκοπὴν δόξης, δόξα γὰρ δόξης διαφέρει, ἄχρις ἂν εἰς τέλειον ἄνδρα αὐξήσωσιν.   Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, Στρωματεων, Λόγος Ϛ', Κεφ ΙΓ' Source: Migne PG 9 325d-329a

He, then, who has first obtained moderation of passions and by detachment has had care to grow to the good work of wisdom's perfection, is here equal to the angels, luminous even now, and like the sun shining in the exercise of goodness, he races on in righteous knowledge through the love of God to the sacred abode, like even the Apostles, for it was not that they were chosen to became Apostles by some distinguished peculiarity of nature, since Judas was chosen with them, but they were able to become Apostles being chosen by Him who foresees even final things. Matthias, then, who was not chosen along with them, on presenting himself as one worthy of becoming an Apostle, took the place of Judas. 1 It is permitted, then, even now, that those who have exercised themselves in the Lord's commandments and lived perfectly and wisely according to the Gospel, may be enrolled in the chosen body of the Apostles. Such is, in truth, a presbyter of the Church and a true minister of the will of God, if he does and teaches what is the Lord's, not because he has been ordained by men, nor because he is thought righteous because he is a presbyter, but enrolled in the presbyterate because he is righteous. And although here upon earth he is not honoured with the chief seat, he will sit on the twenty four thrones, judging the people, as John says in the Apocalypse. 2 For, in truth, one is the covenant of salvation, reaching down to us from the foundation of the world, through different generations and different times, though thought a different gift. For it follows that there is one unchangeable gift of salvation from the one God, through one Lord, benefiting in many ways, for which cause the middle wall which separated the Greek from the Jew is removed to give one people. And so both meet in the unity of faith and the choice from both is one. And of the chosen the most chosen are those who by reason of perfect wisdom are called from the Church and honoured with the most august glory, the judges and rulers, twenty four equally from Jews and Greeks, the grace being doubled, since, I think, the grades here in the Church, of bishops, priests, deacons, are imitations of the angelic glory and of that dispensation which awaits, so Scripture says, those who following the footsteps of the Apostles have lived in perfection of righteousness according to the Gospel. The Apostle writes that those taken up into the clouds will first minister, then be classed in the presbyterate, by promotion in glory, for glory differs from glory, until they grow into the perfect man. 3 Clement of Alexandria, from the Stromata, Book 6, Ch 13.  1 Acts 1.15-26 2 Apoc 4.4 3 1 Thes, 4.17, 1 Cor 15.41, Ephes 4.13