State super vias et videte et interrogate de semitis antiquis quae sit via bona et ambulate in ea et invenietis refrigerium animabus vestris

1 Oct 2020

Stars And Angels

Et paulo post: Cum me laudarent simul astra matutina, et jubilarent omnes filii Dei; astra videlicet matutina eosdem angelos, quos et filios Dei nuncupans, ad distinctionem nimirum hominum sanctorum, qui postmodum creandi, ac velut astra vesperina post confessionem divinae laudationis per mortem erant carnis occasuri. E quibus videlicet astris matuinis, unum ob despectum sociae Dei laudationis audire meruit: Quomodo cecidisti de caelo, Lucifer, qui mane oriebaris? Corruisiti in terram qui vulnerabas gentes, qui dicebas in corde tuo: In coelum ascendam, super sidera coeli exaltabo solium meum. In cujus expostionine sententiae sanctus Hieronymus meminit etiam superioris coeli, ita scribens, Vel antequam de coelo corruerat ista dicebat; vel postquam de coelo corruit. Si adhuc in coleo positus, quomodo dicit, Ascendam in coelum? Sed quia legimus, Caelum caeli Domino, cum esset in coelo, id est, firmamento, in coelum ubi solium Domini est cupiebat ascendere, non in humilitate, sed superbia. Sin autem postquam corruit de caelo ista loquitur, verba arrogantiae debemus intelligere, qui nec praecipitatus quiescat, sed adhuc sibi grandia repromittit, non ut inter astra, sed super astra Dei sit.

Rabanus Maurus, Commentariorum In Genesim Libri Quatour, Liber I, Caput I

Source:  Migne PL 107.445 b-d
And a little after: 'When the stars of morning praised me together and all the sons of God rejoiced.' 1 The morning stars are certainly those angels who are named sons of God, doubtless to distinguish them from holy men, who after creation, are as the evening stars, coming to the confession of Divine praise through death's sunset of the flesh. And among those morning stars, one disdaining association with the praise of God, was found worthy to hear: 'How have you fallen from heaven, Lucifer, who in the morning arose? You have fallen to earth where you have wounded the peoples, you who say in your heart: I shall ascend into the sky, and over the heavens I shall exalt my throne.' 2 In the exposition of which passage Saint Jerome recalls the higher heaven, writing: 'Either before he fell from heaven he said this, or after he had fallen. If he was yet in heaven, how does he say, I shall ascend to heaven? But because we read: 'The heaven of heaven is the Lord's,' 3 when he was in heaven, that is, the firmament, he desired to ascend into the heaven where is the throne of God, not in humility but by pride. Or if he said this after he fell from heaven, we should understand these as words of arrogance, of one who will not be silent when cast down, but he promises himself great things: not to be among the stars but above the stars.' 4

Rabanus Maurus, Commentary On Genesis, Book I, Chapter I


1 Job 38.7
2 Isai 14.12-13
3 Psal 113.24
4 Jerom Com Isai 6.14 col220b-c

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