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31 Aug 2019

Philosophy And The World


Ἀλλ᾿ οὐ πάντες, φησί, φιλοσοφοῦμεν. Μήτι οὖν οὐδὲ πάντες τὴν ζωὴν μετερχόμεθα; τί σὺ λέγεις; πῶς οὖν πεπίστευκας; πῶς δὲ ἔτι ἀγαπᾷς τὸν Θεὸν καὶ τὸν πλησίον σου μὴ φιλοσοφῶν; πῶς δὲ σεαυτὸν ἀγαπᾷς, εἰ μὴ φιλοζωεῖς; γράμματα, φησίν, οὐκ ἔμαθον. Ἀλλ᾿ εἰ μὴ τὸ ἀναγιγνώσκειν ἔμαθες, τὸ ἀκούειν ἀναπολόγητον, ὅτι μὴ διδακτόν· πίστις δὲ οὐ σοφῶν τῶν κατὰ κόσμον, ἀλλὰ τῶν κατὰ θεόν ἐστιν τὸ κτῆμα· ἣ δὲ καὶ ἄνευ γραμμάτων ἐκπαιδεύεται, καὶ τὸ σύγγραμμα αὐτῆς τὸ ἰδιωτικὸν ἅμα καὶ θεῖον ἀγάπη κέκληται, σύνταγμα πνευματικόν. Ἐξὸν δὲ ἀκροᾶσθαι μὲν σοφίας θεϊκῆς, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολιτεύσασθαι ἐξόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἐν κόσμῳ κοσμίως κατὰ Θεὸν ἀγαγεῖν οὐ κεκώλυται. Καὶ ὁ πωλῶν τι ἢ ὠνούμενος μή ποτε εἴπῃ δύο τιμάς, ὧν ἂν ἢ ὠνῆται ἢ πιπράσκῃ, ἁπλῆν δὲ εἰπὼν καὶ ἀληθεύειν μελετῶν, ἂν μὴ τυγχάνῃ ταύτης, τυγχάνων τῆς ἀληθείας πλουτεῖ τῇ διαθέσει τῇ ὀρθῇ. Ἔπαινος δὲ ὅρκος τε περὶ παντὸς τοῦ πωλουμένου ἀπέστω, ἀπέστω δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὁ ὅρκος. Καὶ ταύτῃ φιλοσοφούντων οἱ ἀγοραῖοι καὶ οἱ κάπηλοι· οὐ γὰρ λήψῃ τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου ἐπὶ ματαίῳ, οὐ γὰρ μὴ καθαρίσῃ Κύριος τὸν λαμβάνοντα τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ ματαίῳ. Τοὺς δὲ παρὰ ταῦτα πράττοντας, τοὺς φιλαργύρους, τοὺς ψεύστας, τοὺς ὑποκριτάς, τοὺς καπηλεύοντας τὴν ἀλήθειαν, τῆς πατρῴας ἐξέβαλεν αὐλῆς ὁ Κύριος, μὴ βουλόμενος ἀδίκου ἐμπορίας ἢ λόγων ἢ τῶν ἐξ ὕλης κτημάτων οἶκον εἶναι τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν ἅγιον.

Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, Ὁ Παιδαγωγός, Λογὸς Τρίτος, Κεφ. ΙΑ'

Source: Migne PG 8 656b-657b
But it is said that we do not all philosophize. Do we not all, then, go after life? What do you say? How have you been faithful? And how indeed do you love God and your neighbour without philosophizing? And how do you love yourself, if you do not love life? It is said, 'I have not learned letters.' But if you have not learned to read, you have no such excuse with hearing, for that is not taught. And faith is not for those wise according to the world, but of those according to God; and it is taught without letters, and its text, at once rude and Divine, is called love, a spiritual book. Let there be attention to Divine wisdom, and let there be an ordering of one's life, for no one is prohibited from conducting affairs sensibly in the world  according to God. Let not he who sells or buys name two prices for what he buys or sells; one being what he would sell at and the other buy, but take care to speak the simple truth, and if a deal is not made yet truth is acquired and he is enriched with righteousness. But, above all, let an oath on account of all that is offered for sale be far from you; and swearing, too. And thus those who  frequent the market and the shop philosophize. 'For you shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain: for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that takes His name in vain.' 1 But those who act contrary to these things, the avaricious, the liars, the hypocrites, those who make merchandise of the truth, the Lord cast out of His Father's court, not willing that the holy house of God should be the house of unrighteous traffic either in words or in material things. 2

Clement of Alexandria, from The Teacher, Book 3, Ch 11

1 Exodus 20.7
2 Mt 21.12-13

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